Suggested and typicalv budgets. — In preparation for the division of one's income it is helpful to study the budgets of other families or individuals. Mrs. Richards in her book on " The Cost of Living " gives a theoretical division of in- comes, which is shown in the accompanying table headed Suggested Budgets. It is interesting to study this account and then those of families who bave worked out their prob- lems (either with or without the preparation of definite budgets in advance) as shown in the table of Typical Budgets. In New York City it has been estimated by those studying the problems of the cost of living of to-day that it is im- possible for the average family of mother, father, and three children under 14 years to get food enough to keep the body in good condition with clothing and shelter to meet the most urgent demands of decency for less than $900. THE HOUSEHOLD BUDGET 329 This amount in other localities would probably buy more. This means that in New York City for $900 a family of five can have a very bare existence, and that with $1000 this family can begin to maintain a decent standard of living unless there is long sickness or other catastrophe. At $1200 a normal family standard can be maintained so as to preserve health, and so that the family will have opportunities to develop m a self-respecting manner. When one con- siders that many families subsist on $500 or $600 a year, it is necessarily under conditions of shelter and with limitations of food and clothing, not conducive to the best development. Suggested Budgets * Pebcbntagx FOB FAMIXiT InCX>MB 1 Opbbating Ex- penses, Wages, Fuel, Light, ETC. >< a SO g g •J H a ^ 5 S JE Irt Ua to Two adults and two or three children (equal to four adults) : Ideal division . . 25 20dr 15 db 15 25 $2000 to $4000 . . 25 20 ± 15± 20 20 $800 to $1000 . . 30 20 10 15 25 $500 to $800 . . . 45 15 10 10 20 Under $500 . . . 60 15 5 10 10 ^ Printed by permission of J. Wiley & Sons, publishers of " The Cost of Living/' by Ellen Richards. 330 FOODS AND HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT Typical Budgets * • Pkbcbmtaob roB Rent and Operating / Higher Familt Incomb Car Fares ExpenBes; Life, Food to Fuel. Clothes Sayinga, and from Wages, Charity, Work etc. etc. $3098, three adults, two children 27.5 21.1 16.8 10 24.6 $2500 (Mass.), thrise adults, no children 25 25 13 12 25 $2500 (Mass.), two adults, one child, much company 32 18 18 10 22 $1980 (St. Louis), four adults, two children 36.3 24.2 20.9 18.60 $950 (Mass.), two adults, three children 20 19 16 15 30 26.1 $600 (Boston), two Travel, sickness. adults, two children 23 26 4 5 7 and sundries 15.9 $535 (N.Y.), two adults, three children 55.2 22.4 5.3 6.4 7.7 $312 ("mean" English- man) two adults, , three children 55.2 15.5 8.9 13.1 7.3 $300, Dr. Engel's esti- mates 62 12 5 16 5.0 1 Published by J. Wiley & Sons, publishers of ** The Cost of living," by Ellen Richards. THE HOUSEHOLD BUDGET 331 Typical Budgets^ AVEBAQB AVBBAOli AVBRAOB Income $650 Income $748 Income $846 Rent $154 $161 $168 Car fare 11 10 16 Fuel and light 38 37 41 Furniture 6 8 7 Insurance 13 18 18 Food 279 314 341

AI-modernized reading of the original text

Suggested and typicalv budgets. — In preparation for the division of one's income it is helpful to study the budgets of other families or individuals. Mrs. Richards in her book on " The Cost of Living " gives a theoretical division of incomes, which is shown in the accompanying table headed Suggested Budgets. It is interesting to study this account and then those of families who bave worked out their problems (either with or without the preparation of definite budgets in advance) as shown in the table of Typical Budgets. In New York City it has been estimated by those studying the problems of the cost of living of to-day that it is impossible for the average family of mother, father, and three children under 14 years to get food enough to keep the body in good condition with clothing and shelter to meet the most urgent demands of decency for less than $900. This amount in other localities would probably buy more. This means that in New York City for $900 a family of five can have a very bare existence, and that with $1000 this family can begin to maintain a decent standard of living unless there is long sickness or other catastrophe. At $1200 a normal family standard can be maintained so as to preserve health, and so that the family will have opportunities to develop m a self-respecting manner. When one considers that many families subsist on $500 or $600 a year, it is necessarily under conditions of shelter and with limitations of food and clothing, not conducive to the best development. Suggested Budgets * Pebcbntagx FOB FAMILYT InCX>MB Opbbating Expenses, Wages, Fuel, Light, ETC. >< a SO g g •J H a ^ 5 S JE Irt Ua to Two adults and two or three children (equal to four adults) : Ideal division . . 20dr 15 db $2000 to $4000 . . 20 ± 15± $800 to $1000 . . $500 to $800 . . . Under $500 . . . ^ Printed by permission of J. Wiley & Sons, publishers of " The Cost of Living/' by Ellen Richards. Typical Budgets * • PERCENTAGE roB Rent and Operating / Higher Familt Incomb Car Fares Expenses; Life, Food to Fuel. Clothes Sayinga, and from Wages, Charity, Work etc. etc. $3098, three adults, two children 27.5 21.1 16.8 24.6 $2500 (Mass.), thrise adults, no children $2500 (Mass.), two adults, one child, much company $1980 (St. Louis), four adults, two children 36.3 24.2 20.9 18.60 $950 (Mass.), two adults, three children 26.1 $600 (Boston), two Travel, sickness. adults, two children and sundries 15.9 $535 (N.Y.), two adults, three children 55.2 22.4 5.3 6.4 7.7 $312 ("mean" Englishman) two adults, , three children 55.2 15.5 8.9 13.1 7.3 $300, Dr. Engel's estimates 5.0 1 Published by J. Wiley & Sons, publishers of ** The Cost of living," by Ellen Richards. Typical Budgets^ AVEBAQB AVBBAOli AVBRAOB Income $650 Income $748 Income $846 Rent $154 $161 $168 Car fare Fuel and light Furniture Insurance Food

Foods and household management