with thick walls to prevent loss of heat. In Fig. 75 the door
is open. When an experiment is going on the door is closed,
as in Fig. 76, air being furnished through special tubes. The
walls are fitted with delicate thermometers and every device
MENUS AND DIETARIES 299
which will help to get the exact amount of heat given off
from the body is employed.
Just as it takes more fuel to run a big machine than a
little one, so it takes more energy for a large person than a
small one; therefore we must know the weight of the one
whose food requirements we wish to calculate, as well as the
amount of energy required to do different kinds and amounts
of work. The following table will help in calculating the
approximate fuel requirements of any grown person. The
food needs of children and young people under twenty-five
will be discussed later.
Approximate Energy Requirements of Average-sized Man
Occupation Calories per pound
per hour
Sleeping 0.4
Sitting quietly 0.6
At light muscular exercise 1.0
At active muscular exercise 2.0
At severe muscular exercise 3.0
Light exercise may be understood to include work equiv-
alent to standing and working with the hands, as at a desk
in chemistry or cookery ; or work involving the feet like walk-
ing or running a sewing machine. Many persons, as stu-
dents, stenographers, seamstresses, bookkeepers, teachers, and
tailors do Kttle or no work heavier than this.
Active exercise involves more muscles, as in bicycling
compared with walking, or exercise with dumb-bells as com-
pared with typewriting. Carpenters, general houseworkers,
and mail carriers do about this grade of work while on duty.
Severe exercise not only involves a good many muscles,
but causes enough strain to harden and enlarge them. Bicy-
cling up grade, swimming, and other active sports would be
included in this kind of exercise. Lumbermen, excavators,
and a few others do even heavier work than this.
300 FOODS AND HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT
Knowing the weight of a grown man or woman, and some-
thing of the daily occupation, as in the case of a professional
man, we can estimate the probable energy requirement
somewhat as follows :
Sleeping, 8 hours ; 8 X 0.4 Calories - 3.2 Calories per pound.
Sitting quietly (at meals, reading, etc.), 8 hours ; 8 X 0.6 Calories
» 4.8 per pound.
At light muscular exercise (dressing, standing, walking, etc.),
6 X 1.0 Calories = 6.0 Calories per poimd
At active muscular exercise 2 hours, 2 x 2.0 Calories
= 4 Calories per pound.
Total Calories per pomid for 24 hours, 18 ; 18 X 154 pomids
(the weight of the average man) = 2772, or approximately
2680, Calories per day required. Calculate in this way the
energy requirement for various grown persons whom you
know.
Page 148
Presented as published in 1914. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
with thick walls to prevent loss of heat. In Fig. 75 the door is open. When an experiment is going on the door is closed, as in Fig. 76, air being furnished through special tubes. The walls are fitted with delicate thermometers and every device
which will help to get the exact amount of heat given off from the body is employed.
Just as it takes more fuel to run a big machine than a little one, so it takes more energy for a large person than a small one; therefore we must know the weight of the one whose food requirements we wish to calculate, as well as the amount of energy required to do different kinds and amounts of work. The following table will help in calculating the approximate fuel requirements of any grown person. The food needs of children and young people under twenty-five will be discussed later.
Approximate Energy Requirements of Average-sized Man
Occupation Calories per pound
per hour
Sleeping 0.4
Sitting quietly 0.6
At light muscular exercise 1.0
At active muscular exercise 2.0
At severe muscular exercise 3.0
Light exercise may be understood to include work equivalent to standing and working with the hands, as at a desk in chemistry or cookery ; or work involving the feet like walking or running a sewing machine. Many persons, as students, stenographers, seamstresses, bookkeepers, teachers, and tailors do Little or no work heavier than this.
Active exercise involves more muscles, as in bicycling compared with walking, or exercise with dumb-bells as compared with typewriting. Carpenters, general houseworkers, and mail carriers do about this grade of work while on duty.
Severe exercise not only involves a good many muscles, but causes enough strain to harden and enlarge them. Bicycling up grade, swimming, and other active sports would be included in this kind of exercise. Lumbermen, excavators, and a few others do even heavier work than this.
Knowing the weight of a grown man or woman, and something of the daily occupation, as in the case of a professional man, we can estimate the probable energy requirement somewhat as follows :
Sleeping, 8 hours ; 8 X 0.4 Calories - 3.2 Calories per pound. Sitting quietly (at meals, reading, etc.), 8 hours ; 8 X 0.6 Calories
» 4.8 per pound. At light muscular exercise (dressing, standing, walking, etc.),
6 X 1.0 Calories = 6.0 Calories per pound. At active muscular exercise 2 hours, 2 x 2.0 Calories
= 4 Calories per pound.
Total Calories per pound for 24 hours, 18 ; 18 X 154 pounds (the weight of the average man) = 2772, or approximately 2680, Calories per day required. Calculate in this way the energy requirement for various grown persons whom you know.