A textbook of domestic science for high schools

A woman requires . . .8 amount of food needed by a man Boy 14 to 17 years . .8 amount of food needed by a man Children 10 to 13 years .6 amount of food needed by a man Children 6 to 9 years .5 amount of food needed by a man Children 2 to 5 years .4 amount of food needed by a man Less than 2 years . . .3 amount of food needed by a man APPROXIMATE FOOD REQUIREMENT FOR ONE DAY (H. C. SHERMAN) Man doing light muscular work . . 3000 to 3500 calories Woman doing light muscular work . 2700 calories Boy 14 to 17 years 2500 to 3000 calories Girl 14 to 17 years 2200 to 2600 calories Children 10 to 13 years 1800 to 2200 calories Children 6 to 9 years 1400 to 2000 calories Children 2 to 5 years 1200 to 1500 calories Children 1 to 2 years 900 to 1200 calories Protein Requirement. — The cells of the body are constantly breaking down and in the growing body new cells are forming, hence food must furnish material for growth and repair. As the cells contain nitrogen, a food which contains nitrogen in a form in which the body can assimilate it must be furnished. Protein foods contain 16 per cent nitrogen and are the only foods which do contain it, so they are absolutely necessary for the body. The carbon and hydrogen of protein are first split off by the body and oxidized, yielding heat and energy before the nitrogen is available for tissue building. The broken-down protein of the cells leaves the body in the form of urea and other compounds excreted by the kidneys. The amount of protein thus lost to the body each day must be replaced by protein foods in order that the body may maintain a protein equilibrium. The amount required is variously estimated by different authorities. However, as a general estimate, about 10 to 12 per cent of the total energy requirement should be furnished by protein foods. Thus in a dietary requiring 3000 calories per day, from 300 to 360 calories should be furnished by protein foods. As each gram of protein furnishes 4 calories, the total amount required would be from 75 to 90 grams. The average American dietary is very high in protein content, furnishing about 125 grams (about 4 ounces) of protein per day. Protein foods not required for cell growth and repair are not stored in the body, but are eliminated by the kidneys; hence an increased protein diet means increased protein elimination. NOTE. — Students compute food value of amount of common foodstuffs obtained for ten cents. Compute dietaries of amount of food required by persons of various ages and occupations, by the Percentage Composition Method, estimating cost. PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION METHOD Dietary for Man doing Light Muscular Work Calorie Requirement, 3000 to 3500 calories. Protein Requirement, 300 to 420 calories. AMOUNT PER CENT OF LB. FATS PER CENT OP LB. CARBOHY- PER CENT OP LB. FURNISHED Breakfast Banana .... Oatmeal .... Milk |lb. 1 oz. £ Ib 0.2 1.0 1 1 0.1 0.4 1 3 3.5 4.1 1 6 65.0 112.5 1033+ Eggs lib. 3.2 2.3 158.7+ Ham 1 oz 102.1+ Bread i Ib 0 1 4.4 100.0 Butter Coffee \ oz. 1 cup 2.6 106.5 Sugar Dinner Beef, round . . . Cabbage .... Corn 1 oz. 2 oz. 4 oz. 2 oz 2.3 0.3 0 3 1.6 0 1 6.2 1.2 2 4 109.3 111.2+