History, observation, and experience all go to prove that the strengthening of that which is carnal within us, does not promote our moral and spiritual well-being. That animal food inflames the passions, and "arouses all that is pugnacious and cruel, both in men and in animals, when they are fed upon it, is well understood. The founders of various religious orders, and saints, prophets, and reformers in all ages, have recognized this fact, and have en- dorsed it. Wherever flesh eating is most prevalent, drunkenness exists to a proportionate degree. The use of meat inflames the mucous coat of the stomach, and thus produces irritation of the nervous system, 50 SCIENCE of FOOD ancf COOKERY which results in a craving for stimulation, and is known to be a predisposing cause of drunkenness. Physicians and prominent temperance workers have realized this, as they find that nearly all vegetarians are abstainers from choice, and that scarcely a vegetarian drunkard can be found. Throughout the Holy Scrip- tures, the eating of flesh and the drinking of wine are often asso- ciated together.3 As a result of the stimulating qualities of meats, persons who partake of animal foods, often feel a craving for food soon after a meal. Such a craving, being generally interpreted as hunger, may be regarded as one of the principal causes of overeating, which is one of the most , prevalent as well as the most harmful of dietetic indiscretions. Meat eaters, therefore, are found to partake of more meals a day than do vegetarians. Among the millions of Asiatics, a quite general rule is said to be two meals a day, and often only one ; whereas in countries where meat eating is prevalent, "three square meals" a day may be considered the minimum, while four or five a day are common. CRUELTY OF FLESH EATING There is another aspect of the subject which deserves the earnest and thoughtful consideration .of Christians, from the standpoint of humanitarian principle. 'It must be admitted that the custom of eating flesh involves the infliction of an incalculable amount of suffering upon millions of God's helpless creatures. Such wholesale procedure in the taking of animal life is wholly unjustifiable, except on the ground of absolute necessity. As this necessity does not exist, the practice of these cruelties appears to be a violation of Christian principle, that of showing mercy to the defenseless. Any person who would visit a real slaughter- house, and watch the tragedies enacted daily, upon cattle, sheep, and hogs, could but be moved with horror at the cold-blooded, businesslike cruelty. By those who prize the development of a Christlike character, who aspire to reach the best and noblest that is possible to man, it 3 Isaiah 22 : 12, 13 ; Proverbs 23 : 20. 51 SCIENCE of FOOD and COOKERY ~^\y~v should be borne in mind that the path of self-denial, trodden for conscience' sake, is the most direct 'route to the accomplishment of that purpose ; that the laws of our physical being demand our reverence as truly as the law given on Mount Sinai ; and that perfect love is incompatible with the perpetration of unneces- sary cruelty.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

History, observation, and experience all go to prove that the strengthening of that which is carnal within us, does not promote our moral and spiritual well-being. That animal food inflames the passions, and "arouses all that is pugnacious and cruel, both in men and in animals, when they are fed upon it, is well understood. The founders of various religious orders, and saints, prophets, and reformers in all ages, have recognized this fact, and have endorsed it. Wherever flesh eating is most prevalent, drunkenness exists to a proportionate degree. The use of meat inflames the mucous coat of the stomach, and thus produces irritation of the nervous system, which results in a craving for stimulation, and is known to be a predisposing cause of drunkenness. Physicians and prominent temperance workers have realized this, as they find that nearly all vegetarians are abstainers from choice, and that scarcely a vegetarian drunkard can be found. Throughout the Holy Scriptures, the eating of flesh and the drinking of wine are often associated together.3 As a result of the stimulating qualities of meats, persons who partake of animal foods, often feel a craving for food soon after a meal. Such a craving, being generally interpreted as hunger, may be regarded as one of the principal causes of overeating, which is one of the most , prevalent as well as the most harmful of dietetic indiscretions. Meat eaters, therefore, are found to partake of more meals a day than do vegetarians. Among the millions of Asiatics, a quite general rule is said to be two meals a day, and often only one ; whereas in countries where meat eating is prevalent, "three square meals" a day may be considered the minimum, while four or five a day are common. CRUELTY OF FLESH EATING There is another aspect of the subject which deserves the earnest and thoughtful consideration .of Christians, from the standpoint of humanitarian principle. 'It must be admitted that the custom of eating flesh involves the infliction of an incalculable amount of suffering upon millions of God's helpless creatures. Such wholesale procedure in the taking of animal life is wholly unjustifiable, except on the ground of absolute necessity. As this necessity does not exist, the practice of these cruelties appears to be a violation of Christian principle, that of showing mercy to the defenseless. Any person who would visit a real slaughterhouse, and watch the tragedies enacted daily, upon cattle, sheep, and hogs, could but be moved with horror at the cold-blooded, businesslike cruelty. By those who prize the development of a Christlike character, who aspire to reach the best and noblest that is possible to man, it 3 Isaiah 22 : 12, 13 ; Proverbs 23 : 20. ~^\y~v should be borne in mind that the path of self-denial, trodden for conscience' sake, is the most direct 'route to the accomplishment of that purpose ; that the laws of our physical being demand our reverence as truly as the law given on Mount Sinai ; and that perfect love is incompatible with the perpetration of unnecessary cruelty.

Science of food & cookery