The international cook book

Deep-Fat Frying Temperature Food Degrees Fahrenheit Time Doughnuts 375-380 3 to 5 minutes Fritters 375-380 3 to 5 minutes Timbales 375 3 to 5 minutes Vanities 375 3 to 5 minutes Potatoes 390 5 to 8 minutes Croquettes 375 2 minutes In deep-fat frying the food is divided into two groups: first, un- cooked, as doughnuts; second, cooked, as croquettes. In the first group, the frying should extend over a long enough period to thoroughly cook the ingredients. In the second group, the frying is intended to heat through and brown. Puddings Temperature Food Degrees Fahrenheit Custards (cooked in . . 300-325 . pan of hot water) Bread pudding 300-325 Rice pudding 300-325 . Low temperature is required for egg cookery (custards) Cereals also require long slow cooking (rice pudding). SoufHe Temperature Food Degrees Fahrenheit Time Cheese souflfle 325-350 60 minutes Vanilla souffle 325-350 60 minutes Chocolate souffle .... 325-350 60 minutes 1 Time 30 to 60 minutes 50 to 60 minutes 50 to 60 minutes Breads Temperature Food Degrees Fahrenlieit Loaf of bread 425 . . . RoUs 400-425. . Baking powder biscuits . 400-425 Nut bread 3S«>-375 • Baking powder muffins . 375-400 Com meal muffins . . . 375-400 Popovers 500-550 Time 40 to 60 minutes 15 to 20 minutes 15 minutes 45 to 60 minutes 20 to 25 minutes 20 to 25 minutes 35 to 40 minutes COOKERY TECHNIQUE 365 Cakes Temperature Food Degrees Fahrenheit Angel cake 275-350 Sponge cake 275-350 Layer (yellow or white) . 350 Layer (chocolate) . . . 325-350 Loaf 275-350 Cup cakes 350 Brownies 350 Gingerbread 350 Cookies 375-400 Jelly roll 350 Tirrie 60 minutes 60 minutes 25 to 30 minutes 25 to 30 minutes 60 to 80 minutes 15 to 25 minutes 25 to 30 minutes 20 to 30 minutes 10 to 15 minutes 20 to 25 minutes The most common cake failures can be attributed to baking at too high a temperature. The best results will be obtained by following the temperature chart closely, using the lower tem- perature rather than the higher. Food Apple pie Apple pan dowdy . . Double crust 45 Single crust (custard) . . Deep fruit pies (without bottom crust) .... 30 Pastry Time Degrees Fahrenheit Minutes Start Increase to Decrease to 50 450 ... 3SO 45 to 50 450 • • . 32s 45 450 ... 350 50 to 60 450 ... 300 450 350 Pastry Making 1 . The ingredients and utensils should be well chilled. 2. Have the proper proportions of fat to flour; three to one. 3. Cut in shortening not too fine. 4. Add water gradually until dough forms baU. 5. Roll lightly without adding too much flour. 6. Bake according to temperature given on chart. 7. Meringue for pies — 300 degrees Fahrenheit for 15 to 20 minutes. 8. Bake tart shells on inverted muffin tins. 366 THE INTERNATIONAL COOK BOOK Degrees Fahrenheit Start Increase to Decrease to 45° 350 450 400 450 400 450 400 450 400 450 400 450 400 425 350 425 350 350 400 350 400 350 400 350 ... epen ds on cooking. The Meats — Roasting Minutes Food per pound !Meat, average 20 Sirloin or rib roast (rare) 10 (well done) 15-20 Leg of mutton (well done) . 25 Lamb (well done) .... 20 Veal (well done) 20-25 Pork (well done) 25-30 Fowl 20 Turkey 20 Meat loaf 15 Pot roast 40-45 Ham (baked) 30-40 Fish 15-20