To give special detailed instructions in chess would be beyond the scope of this work. We therefore only present a brief chapter of hints to beginners by way of an introduction to the study of some more elaborate work. We first present a diagram of the board, with the chessmen placed in their proper positions. It will be seen that the white men are before the first player, and that the board is placed so that a white square is in each right-hand corner of the board. We now come to the peculiar move of each of the six different pieces on the board. It will be understood that there are in all thirty-two pieces with which the game is played, sixteen of which are white men and sixteen black. Of each sixteen all but the ii6 THE hearthstone; or, life at home. king and queen are duplicated ; the bishops, knights and rooks being in pairs — four of each on the board, two of each being white, and two black — while there are eight pawns of each color. But then.- are but six pieces in all, each of which has separate and distinct moves. Placing each of these pieces in the centre of the board with no other piece on it at the time, and it will be found that each has the following number of moves at command : Beginning with the king, as he moves but one square around his position, he com- BLACK, white. mands just ei^ht squares. The queen moves as the king does, but with the addition of no limit to the number of squares it can move to, thereby commanding twenty-seven squares. The bishop moves only diagonally, each bishop on its own squares, one for the white squares and one for the black, each commanding thirteen squares. Place the two bishops of the white men on the two central squares adjoining each other, and it will be seen at a glance how many SPORTS AND GAMES FOR LADIES. II7 squares each commands by its diagonal movement. The rooks each command fourteen squares to the right or the left, or forward or backward, but not diagonally. It will be seen that the move of the queen combines that of the king, rooks and bishops. The knight has a move peculiar to itself, and as it stands in the centre of the board commands eight squares. It is the only piece that, standing in its regular position with all the other pieces in their places, can be moved before a pawn is moved in the beginning of the game, one knight moving from black to white, and the other from white to black. A study of the moves of the pieces as above directed will rapidly familiarize the learner with the value of each piece. The pawns also have a different method of moving to that of the other pieces, and, by the way, the pawns are always known as " pawns," and the other pieces as " pieces." The pawn always moves forward, one square at a time, but it can only take by moving sideways. By learning this much of the game carefully, you will have progressed far enough to be able to begin to play with an experienced opponent. THE L1BI|AI[Y \\ THE HOME. "Books Are a substantial world, both pure and good; Round these with tendrils strong as flesh and blood Our pastime and our happiness will grow ! "

AI-modernized reading of the original text

To give special detailed instructions in chess would be beyond the scope of this work. We therefore only present a brief chapter of hints to beginners by way of an introduction to the study of some more elaborate work. We first present a diagram of the board, with the chessmen placed in their proper positions. It will be seen that the white men are before the first player, and that the board is placed so that a white square is in each right-hand corner of the board. We now come to the peculiar move of each of the six different pieces on the board. It will be understood that there are in all thirty-two pieces with which the game is played, sixteen of which are white men and sixteen black. Of each sixteen all but the THE hearthstone; or, life at home. king and queen are duplicated ; the bishops, knights and rooks being in pairs — four of each on the board, two of each being white, and two black — while there are eight pawns of each color. But then.- are but six pieces in all, each of which has separate and distinct moves. Placing each of these pieces in the centre of the board with no other piece on it at the time, and it will be found that each has the following number of moves at command : Beginning with the king, as he moves but one square around his position, he com- BLACK, white. mands just eight squares. The queen moves as the king does, but with the addition of no limit to the number of squares it can move to, thereby commanding twenty-seven squares. The bishop moves only diagonally, each bishop on its own squares, one for the white squares and one for the black, each commanding thirteen squares. Place the two bishops of the white men on the two central squares adjoining each other, and it will be seen at a glance how many squares each commands by its diagonal movement. The rooks each command fourteen squares to the right or the left, or forward or backward, but not diagonally. It will be seen that the move of the queen combines that of the king, rooks and bishops. The knight has a move peculiar to itself, and as it stands in the centre of the board commands eight squares. It is the only piece that, standing in its regular position with all the other pieces in their places, can be moved before a pawn is moved in the beginning of the game, one knight moving from black to white, and the other from white to black. A study of the moves of the pieces as above directed will rapidly familiarize the learner with the value of each piece. The pawns also have a different method of moving to that of the other pieces, and, by the way, the pawns are always known as " pawns," and the other pieces as " pieces." The pawn always moves forward, one square at a time, but it can only take by moving sideways. By learning this much of the game carefully, you will have progressed far enough to be able to begin to play with an experienced opponent. THE LIBRARY OF\ THE HOME. "Books Are a substantial world, both pure and good; Round these with tendrils strong as flesh and blood Our pastime and our happiness will grow ! "

The hearthstone; or, Life at home