FoodNet

Foods, their selection and preparation

1935

Page 224

Presented as published in 1935. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
In evaluating the cost per pound it is im¬ portant to know the amount of edible meat. While fillets and steaks contain little or no waste, there may be considerable waste when fish is bought whole, drawn or dressed. Table XLVIII indicates the percentage of the [249] edible portion of some typical fish purchased in different forms. Table XLVIII • Percentage of Edible Portions of Fish as Commonly Purchased Product Percentage Edible Whole fish: Butterfish . 55.9 Brook trout . 47.0 Herring . 51.1 Mackerel . 45.8 Pickerel . 53.1 •-Pompano . 56.2 Shad . 52.4 Smelt . 61.8 Striped bass . 49.6 Whitefish . 45.7 Fish with entrails removed: Flounder . 41.3 Lake trout . 63.6 Mackerel . 57.4 Pickerel . 55.7 Red snapper . 54.3 Fully dressed fish: Albacore . 91.3 Barracuda . 75.0 Cod . 64.6 Eel . 76.1 Halibut . 75.9 Mackerel, California . 64.9 Rock cod ("chili pepper”) . 71.7 Sablefish (black cod) . 72.2 Salmon, chinodk . 88.7 Sea bass . 74.0 Skipjack . 90.1 Sturgeon . 84.7 Striped bass . 73.9 Yellowtail . 80.8 Shellfish. In buying shellfish the con¬ sumer needs to look for special points for the different kinds. Clams and oysters may be bought alive in the shells or shucked. The latter may be refrigerated or frozen. Tightly closed shells indicate the fish are still alive. Crab and lobster may be bought alive, whole-cooked, or as cooked meat. The meat may be refrigerated or frozen. Uncooked or green shrimp are never sold alive. Heads are removed on the boats and the fish are refrigerated or frozen. Cooked shrimp is sold with the heads removed, either with or without the shell, and with or with¬ out the sand vein. Canned Fish. Many kinds of fin fish are available canned. The most used are salmon, tuna, and sardines. These may be used as they come from the can, or as components of made dishes. Lobster, crab, and shrimp meat are available canned, and oysters and clam products are canned in limited amounts. Salted, smoked, and dried fish are avail¬ able from both domestic production and im¬ port, the latter largely from the Scandina¬ vian countries. Salt cod, pickled herring, and smoked haddock are among the most familiar. Increasing amounts of smoked salmon are being produced in this country. HOME CARE Bear in mind that fish is a perishable food. Fresh-caught fish should be dressed as soon as possible after removal from the water and refrigerated until used. When any period of time is to elapse before cooking, the fish should be frozen. This may be required with a large catch. Fresh fish from the market should be wrapped closely in oiled paper, and placed in the coldest portion of the refrigerator. Do not remove until ready to cook. Frozen fish should be held frozen until used. Thaw immediately before cooking or in cooking. This last method is preferred but increases the cooking time slightly. Shucked and cooked shellfish should be held in tight containers frozen or at low temperatures. COOKING METHODS FOR FIN FISH Fish is always tender, as it contains little connective tissue and that present is in a form easily softened. It requires only a short cook¬ ing time. Because of the flaky texture that results when fish is cooked, it requires careful handling to avoid breaking. [250] What’s New in Home Economics