FoodNet

Foods, their selection and preparation

1935

Page 204

Presented as published in 1935. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
To free the intestines, one may cut around the vent with scissors. Then remove the lungs, which lie tight against the backbone near the neck of the bird, and the kidneys, which lie in the hollows, one on each side, near the end of the backbone, and the oil sack which lies on top of the tail piece. Discard the viscera except the heart, liver, and gizzard. These are the giblets. The fat, membranes, arteries, veins, and clotted blood should be removed from the giblets, and the gall bladder cut carefully from the liver, with any of the liver which appears green. The bile, which is the green fluid in the gall bladder, will give a bitter flavor to anything it touches. The gizzard is cleaned by first cutting through the thickest part just to the tough, whitish, inner lining, taking care not to cut this lining. The inner [228] sack then can be pulled loose, intact, and discarded. The entire bird, inside and out, and the giblets should be washed in running cold water, drained, and wiped dry with paper toweling. The bird is now ready for stuffing and cooking whole; or it may be cut up as desired for the particular method of cooking which is to be used. When a bird is disjointed for frying, braising, or stewing, the disjointing may be done before the viscera are removed. For Broiling. Split each bird in half lengthwise, through the backbone and the breastbone; or remove the backbone and split the bird in halves or quarters. Very small birds may be split down the back only, flattened and broiled whole. For Frying. 1. Fourths. Prepare as for broiling. Then cut each half into two serv¬ ings. 2. Disjointed pieces. Bend each leg from the body and separate it by cutting the skin free and bending the leg back at the hip joint until the joint breaks. Then cut the leg loose from the body and separate the drum¬ stick from the thigh at the joint. To do this, bend the joint and cut on the bend. Cut wings free at the joint next to the body. Cut the neck free from the body if this has not been done previously. Then, starting at the body opening, cut upward toward the neck through the small rib joints, thus separating the back from the breast. Sepa¬ rate the lower breast from the "wishbone,” and divide the back into two pieces by cut¬ ting crosswise. Remove the oil sack if this was not done earlier. For Roasting. Leave the bird whole. Stuff, if desired. For Braising. To prepare individual servings for braising, such as a fricassee of chicken, disjoint as for frying. When a mature bird is to be stuffed and browned to resemble roast poultry, after tendering by moist-heat cookery, it is left whole. For Stewing. Leave whole if stewing for creamed poultry or for salad. Disjoint for serving as stewed chicken. Defrosting Poultry. Complete de¬ frosting of frozen poultry before cooking is best. It is then cooked in the same ways and for the same lengths of time as fresh chilled poultry. In the refrigerator, in original mois¬ ture-proof wrappings, frozen chicken will require from overnight to one and one-half days to defrost. At room temperature, wrapped in original moisture-proof wrapping, it will require from two to six hours. Other frozen poultry may be defrosted in the same way as frozen chickens. Turkeys, being larger, require longer defrosting time.