FoodNet

Foods, their selection and preparation

1935

Page 198

Presented as published in 1935. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
The production and consumption of tur¬ key also are increasing in this country. Aver¬ age consumption increased from two pounds per person per year in the early 1930’s to four and one-half pounds per person in 1947. Other poultry is consumed in small amounts. COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE The nutritive value of poultry is compa¬ rable to that of other meats. Proximate Composition. The protein con¬ tent of poultry varies from 16 to 21 per cent, which is approximately the same as in lean meat. The amount of fat varies, depending on the kind of poultry, its age, and the food it has received. The range is from 2.5 per cent fat in broiling chickens to over 16 per cent in hens. Young geese contain over 36 per cent fat. The fat content of ducks is higher than that of chickens and turkeys. Table XLIII shows the proximate com¬ position of poultry as compared with beef. Nutritive Value. Not only the amount of protein supplied by poultry is comparable to that of meat, but also the quality of the pro¬ tein. Like meat, poultry supplies protein, which is excellent for building body tissues. Table XLIII • Meat Water Protein Fat Ash Fuel Value per Pound Proximate Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Calories Composition Lean beef . 67.00 19.00 3.00 1.00 876 of Poultry Chicken (broiler) . 74.80 21.50 2.50 1.10 492 Hen (fowl) . 63.70 19.00 16.30 1.00 1016 Compared Turkey . 55.50 21.00 22.90 1.00 1318 with Beef 1 Duck . 61.10 18.30 19.00 1.30 1290 Goose (young) . 46.70 16.30 36.20 .80 1774 1Edible portion. [221] TOTAL PER CAPITA PRODUCTION AND CIVILIAN PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF EGGS, CHICKEN, AND TURKEY, UNITED STATES, 1910- 47 NUMBER 450 400 350 300 250 POUNDS ( DRESSED WEIGHT ) 20 15 10 5 0 1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 ♦DRESSED WEIGHT DATA FOR 194 7 ARE BASED ON PRELIMINARY INDICATIONS A CONSUMPTION 1941-47 APPLIES TO CIVILIAN POPULATION ONLY U.S.D.A. [222] Look for largest supplies of fresh poultry In these months [ Cold storage supplies are usually greater when fresh supplies are smallest! January yyyy^ STEWERS ROASTERS CAPONS GEESE TURKEYS February yy STEWERS CAPONS March y STEWERS April y STEWERS May y y v STEWERS 6ROHERS DUCKS June y v STEWERS BROILERS OUCKS SQUABS July broilers fryers ducks squabs August y ¥ J V BROILERS FRYERS GUINEAS SQUABS DUCKS September f y v' FRYERS ROASTERS GUINEAS SQUABS DUCKS October FRYERS ROASTERS STEWERS GUINEAS TURKEYS OUCKS November y y 4A 4 ROASTERS STEWERS GEESE. TURKEYS OUCKS December yyyy^v ROASTERS STEWERS CAPONS GEESE TURKEYS DUCKS U.S.D.A. Fresh Poultry Calendar The energy value is dependent upon the fat content of the bird, varying from under 500 calories a pound in broiling chickens to over 1000 in mature hens, and approxi¬ mately 1800 in geese. Poultry, like meat, is a good source of iron and phosphorus and the important B vita¬ mins. In general the dark meat is a better source of minerals and vitamins than the light meat. Like other meats, poultry is readily and completely digested. The light meat of chicken and turkey is more tender than the dark meat, since the fibers are shorter and are held together less firmly with connective tissue. This characteristic, together with a lower fat content, causes the white meat of poultry to be more easily digested than the dark. MARKET CLASSES