Foods and home making

There are some grown persons who find that they cannot sleep well during the night if they drink coffee or tea at the evening meal. The coffee or the tea excites them so that they do not readily go to sleep or do not sleep soundly. Coffee and tea usually have a greater exciting effect on boys and girls than upon older persons. Coffee and tea contain no nourishing materials (except the cream and sugar added to them) but they do contain a stimu- lating material called cafein in coffee and thein in tea, and a bitter, undesirable substance called tannin. Milk, on the other hand, contains very nourishing substances. No boy or girl can afford to drink coffee or tea instead of milk. 1Note to the Teacher: See page 164 of A Health Survey of 86 Cities by the Re- search Division of the American Child Health Association. 72 Breakfast SUMMARY One quart of milk is needed each day by every girl or boy to supply : 1. Calcium and other minerals 2. Vitamins A + + +, B ++, C +, D +, and G + + + (see p. 37) 3. Proteins of excellent quality Milk is the best source of calcium; calcium is very necessary for health. Percentage composition of milk: Water . . . 87.0% Proteins . . . . • • • 3-3 Fat ... 4.0 Milk sugar . . . ... 5.0 Ash . . • 0.7 Total . . . 100.0% Milk and cocoa are wholesome beverages for girls and boys. Coffee and tea are unwholesome beverages for girls and boys because they crowd out milk from the diet and contain injurious substances. REVIEW QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES Each of the following statements is completed in more than one way. Only one way is correct. Read each statement carefully. Decide which is the best word or phrase to complete it. Then copy the sentence completing it with that word or phrase. 1. One quart of milk measures (a) 3 glasses ( b ) 4 glasses (c) 5 glasses. 2. Milk is especially valuable because it contains (a) starch ( b ) calcium (c) cellulose. 3. The percentage of fat in milk is usually (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3. 4. Coffee contains an undesirable substance called (a) tannin ( b ) cel- lulose. 5. The best source of calcium is (a) carrot ( b ) spinach (c) milk. 6. The most wholesome hot beverage for girls and boys is ( a ) tea (b) coffee ( c ) cocoa. 7. Cook cocoa over the naked flame (a) before adding the sugar and milk ( b ) after adding the sugar and milk. 8. Milk contains at least (a) two (6) three ( c ) five kinds of vitamins. 9. Milk is about (a) ^ (6) £ (c) £ water. 10. Whole milk contains (a) more fat ( b ) less fat than skim milk. What Shall We Drink? 73 HOME WORK 1. Prepare cocoa for either the morning or the evening meal. 2. Many grown persons drink coffee or tea at least once a day. Although you should not drink either of these beverages, you can help your mother by making coffee or tea for the older members of your household. Let us find out how to buy and make coffee and tea. A BCD Figure 30. Three Kinds of Coffee Pots A, drip coffee pot. Notice the glass filter plate between the two bowls. Finely ground coffee and boiling water are placed in the upper bowl. The beverage filters through the glass plate into the lower bowl. To serve, remove the upper bowl and cover the lower bowl with the glass cover.