Foods and home making

Cocoa or Chocolate for Party Refreshments. — For parties you may like a sweeter beverage. If so, use 4 tablespoons of sugar. When ready to serve, add \ teaspoon vanilla. If you wish chocolate, substitute for cocoa 1 ounce of chocolate, cut into bits. Cook the same as cocoa except that the mixture must be stirred constantly when directly over the flame. Flavor with vanilla. For serving cocoa at a party you may desire to garnish or decorate the beverage. W hi pped cream is a satisfactory garnish for cocoa. After the cocoa is poured into the serving cup, drop a spoonful of stiffly beaten whipped cream on top of the beverage. (Directions for whipping cream will be found on pages 443-444.) One or two marshmallows may be used for garnishing each cup of cocoa. Add the marshmallows after the cocoa is poured into the cups. What ingredients other than calcium make milk valuable? Study carefully Figure 28, and you will be able to answer this question. What is top milk? whole milk? skim milk? Have you noticed that when a bottle of milk stands, the liquid at the top of the bottle is cream colored? This material not only looks different but has a different taste from the milk in the lower part of the bottle. This difference is due to the fact that the milk at the top of the bottle, which we call top milk, contains much more fat than the milk in the lower part of the bottle. When the milk was poured into the bottle, fat in the form of tiny balls or globules was distributed through the milk, but when the milk remained quiet for a time, many of the fat globules collected Figure 28. Composition of Milk Although milk is seven eighths water, the remaining eighth contains valuable ingredients. Milk is prized for its proteins. The ash contains calcium and othe- minerals. Vitamins in whole milk are: A + + +. B + -K C+. D + . G + 4-+-1 Figure 29. Two Quarts of Milk The average tumbler does not contain quite a half pint. A quart will fill about five glasses. Do you drink five glasses or the equivalent every day? See Note i, page 37. 70 What Shall We Drink ? 7i at the top of the bottle. Good milk contains from 3.5% to 4% fat. By whirling milk in a machine the fat in milk can be more completely and more quickly separated from the liquid. Cream is prepared by separating the fat from milk. The product left after separating the fat from whole milk is known as skim milk. Milk from which no fat has been removed is called whole milk. Why should you not drink coffee for breakfast ? One quart of milk will fill five glasses. (See Figure 29.) If you are going to drink five glasses of milk each day, it is well, as previously stated, to start to drink the milk at breakfast. If you use milk or cocoa made with much milk for your breakfast beverage, you cannot comfortably drink coffee in addition to the milk or cocoa. There is no place for cofee if you drink the quantity of milk that you should. In investigating the breakfasts of 35,000 children in 86 cities of the United States, it was found that when children drink coffee those children usually failed to drink any milk or drank too little.1 The drinking of cofee tends to crowd out the drinking of milk.