Fruit and coffee stains. — Hold the spotted fabric tightly over a bowl and pour boiling water through it. Of course, remove stains at once if possible. Peach stains are removed by Javelle water. Apply a few drops and pour boiling water through at once. Cocoa and chocolate stains are helped by borax, and by soap and cold water. Ink. — Liquid ink removers provided for the Ubrary table are convenient. Wet the spot, use 1, dry with a blotter, and use 2, and rinse at once. The same thing is done by wetting, applying an oxalic acid solution first, then Javelle water and rinsing. Blood stains are removed by soaking in lukewarm water, and washing in a soap solution with a little ammonia and kerosene, or with a naphtha soap. Sorting. — Separate the fabrics, wool from cotton and so on, and colored cotton from white ; also separate body Unen from bed linen and from table linen. Soaking. — This hastens the process since it loosens dirt, and one laboratory experiment seemed to show that soaked clothes are freer from bacteria, than those that are not. Shrinkable fabrics cannot be soaked. Body and table linen should be soaked separately. The water should be cold, softened with a Uttle ammonia. Washing. — Wash woolens and silk underwear first, in warnit not hot, soap suds, wring out, rinse, and hang to dry. Use a white, neutral soap. Have the same temperature for both washing and rinsing. Boiling water shrinks wool, and yellows silk. Hand- knit wool, as shawls and jackets, stretch in drying. If dried in a LAUNDERING AND DRY CLEANSING 375 bag or pillow case, this is partly obviated, or lay them on a pad on the table. Prepare hot water in the tub, with dissolved soap in it, either for handwork or a washer. . Wash table linen first, then bed linen and towels, and next the body clothes. Soap the articles well, and rub or use a washer. It is well to wash handkerchiefs by them- selves, boiling in a pail for half an hour. If one of the family has a cold or influenza, soak his handkerchiefs in a solution of salt and water and perhaps a little bleaching powder before washing and boiling. Make fresh suds often. This means heavy labor in the case of portable tubs, but clothes cannot be cleansed in dirty water. Colored -cotton and linen articles may be washed last. They should be put first into salt and water to set the color, washed in tepid water with white soap, rinsed thoroughly and hung in the shade, wrong side out. Boiling. — Boil the washed clothes in soap solution for ten min- utes. In case of infectious disease, all the patient's linen should be boiled an hour,^ and of course exx>osed eld thing is kept separate through the whole process. Rinsing. — This must be thorough and two or three waters must be used. This is the stage where many laundresses fail. The suction washers are. very useful here. # Wringing. — This must take place between every two stages of the process. Bluing. -^ Add the bluing solution to clean water to the desired shade, shake each piece, put it through the water, and wring out at once. Do not use bluing in excess. Starching. — Next the fabrics that need a little thin starch may be starched. Starch for stiff collars and shirts is rubbed in at the time of ironing.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

Fruit and coffee stains. — Hold the spotted fabric tightly over a bowl and pour boiling water through it. Of course, remove stains at once if possible. Peach stains are removed by Javelle water. Apply a few drops and pour boiling water through at once. Cocoa and chocolate stains are helped by borax, and by soap and cold water. Ink. — Liquid ink removers provided for the Ubrary table are convenient. Wet the spot, use 1, dry with a blotter, and use 2, and rinse at once. The same thing is done by wetting, applying an oxalic acid solution first, then Javelle water and rinsing. Blood stains are removed by soaking in lukewarm water, and washing in a soap solution with a little ammonia and kerosene, or with a naphtha soap. Sorting. — Separate the fabrics, wool from cotton and so on, and colored cotton from white ; also separate body Unen from bed linen and from table linen. Soaking. — This hastens the process since it loosens dirt, and one laboratory experiment seemed to show that soaked clothes are freer from bacteria, than those that are not. Shrinkable fabrics cannot be soaked. Body and table linen should be soaked separately. The water should be cold, softened with a Uttle ammonia. Washing. — Wash woolens and silk underwear first, in warnit not hot, soap suds, wring out, rinse, and hang to dry. Use a white, neutral soap. Have the same temperature for both washing and rinsing. Boiling water shrinks wool, and yellows silk. Handknit wool, as shawls and jackets, stretch in drying. If dried in a bag or pillow case, this is partly obviated, or lay them on a pad on the table. Prepare hot water in the tub, with dissolved soap in it, either for handwork or a washer. . Wash table linen first, then bed linen and towels, and next the body clothes. Soap the articles well, and rub or use a washer. It is well to wash handkerchiefs by themselves, boiling in a pail for half an hour. If one of the family has a cold or influenza, soak his handkerchiefs in a solution of salt and water and perhaps a little bleaching powder before washing and boiling. Make fresh suds often. This means heavy labor in the case of portable tubs, but clothes cannot be cleansed in dirty water. Colored -cotton and linen articles may be washed last. They should be put first into salt and water to set the color, washed in tepid water with white soap, rinsed thoroughly and hung in the shade, wrong side out. Boiling. — Boil the washed clothes in soap solution for ten minutes. In case of infectious disease, all the patient's linen should be boiled an hour, and of course exposed old thing is kept separate through the whole process. Rinsing. — This must be thorough and two or three waters must be used. This is the stage where many laundresses fail. The suction washers are. very useful here. # Wringing. — This must take place between every two stages of the process. Bluing. -^ Add the bluing solution to clean water to the desired shade, shake each piece, put it through the water, and wring out at once. Do not use bluing in excess. Starching. — Next the fabrics that need a little thin starch may be starched. Starch for stiff collars and shirts is rubbed in at the time of ironing.

Foods and household management