FoodNet

Foods and household management

1914

Page 197

Presented as published in 1914. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
experiments, 135. granule, 134. Starches, one-hundred-Calorie por- tions, 130. pure, 134. Starching, 375. Steak, broiled, 222, 319. porterhouse, 283, 387. round, 317. sirloin, 387. Steam cooker, 44. Steamed pudding, 258. Steaming, 66. Stew, beef, 224. Stewed, apple, 94. celery, 121. Stewing, 66. Stove, American, 40. gas, 16, 43, 46. Stoves, kerosene, 50. Strawberries, 390. Strawberry mousse, 263. Studying a recipe, 58. Stuffed tomato salad, 253. Stuffing, fish, 237. for fowl, 228. Succotash, 390. Sucrose, 166. Suet, 317. Sugar, 4, 12, 55, 164, 166, 167, 317, 390. of milk, 6. principles of cooking, 168. Sulphur, 8. Sweetbreads, 229. Sweet, oil, 161. potatoes, 317. Tablecloths, 268. Table, decorations, 272. dining-room, 267. kitchen, 20. of comparative cost of food, 283. of composition of foods, 387-390. MENUS AND DIETARIES 299 which will help to get the exact amount of heat given off from the body is employed. Just as it takes more fuel to run a big machine than a little one, so it takes more energy for a large person than a small one; therefore we must know the weight of the one whose food requirements we wish to calculate, as well as the amount of energy required to do different kinds and amounts of work. The following table will help in calculating the approximate fuel requirements of any grown person. The food needs of children and young people under twenty-five will be discussed later. Approximate Energy Requirements of Averaqe-sized Man Occupation Calories per pound per hour Sleeping 0.4 Sitting quietly 0.6 At light muscular exercise 1.0 At active muscular exercise 2.0 At severe muscular exercise 3.0 Light exercise may be understood to include work equiv- alent to standing and working with the hands, as at a desk in chemistry or cookery ; or work involving the feet Uke walk- ing or running a sewing machine. Many persons, as stu- dents, stenographers, seamstresses, bookkeepers, teachers, and tailors do little or no work heavier than this. Active exercise involves more muscles, as in bicycling compared with walking, or exercise with dumb-bells as com- pared with typewriting. Carpenters, general houseworkers, and mail carriers do about this grade of work while on duty. Severe exercise not only involves a good many muscles, but causes enough strain to harden and enlarge them. Bicy- cling up grade, swimming, and other active sports would be included in this kind of exercise. Lumbermen, excavators, and a few others do even heavier work than this. 300 FOODS AND HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT Knowing the wei^t of a grown man or woman, and scMne- thing of the daily occupation, as in the case of a professional man, we can estimate the probable energy requiremeiit somewhat as follows : Sleeping, 8 hours ; 8 X 0.4 Calories — 3^ Calories per pound. Sitting quietly (at meals, reading, etc.)> 8 hours ; 8 X 0.6 Calories — 4.8 per pound. At light muscular exercise (dressing, standing, walking, etc.), 6 X 1.0 Calories = 6.0 Calories per pound At active muscular exercise 2 hours, 2 x 2.0 Calories » 4 Cal(»ies per i>ound. Total Calories per pomid for 24 hours, 18 ; 18 X 154 pounds (the weight of the average man) = 2772, or appronmately 2680, Calories per day required. Calculate in this way the energy requirement for various grown persons whom you know.