Among the labor-saving devices on the market are the vacuum ice cream freezers which have no crank to be turned. The cream mixture is simply poured into the freezer after the ice and salt have been placed in a separate compartment, and there is no stirring during the freezing process. The construction of this appliance is similar to that of a fire- less cooker. When making ice cream, the freezer is inverted and the ice and salt mixture are placed in their compartment. A LABOR-SAVING DEVICES 249 cupful of cold water is added to start the melting and then the lid is adjusted. The freezer is turned right side up and the ice cream mixture is poured in its compartment. The lid is ad- justed tightly. The walls of the freezer are constructed with a vacuum space so that it is impossible for the cold temperature provided by the melting ice to escape. An old theory that ice cream will be coarse grained if it is not stirred with a dasher during the freezing has been upset by this appliance. Experience shows that a thin watery cream mixture produces a cream coarse in texture while a rich creamy one is a velvety, fine ice cream when frozen. Long-handled Plunger When one does not have a washing machine, a plunger may be used to advantage. This device consists of an inverted fun- nel or cone, a vacuum cup, fastened on to a handle like a broom- stick. The tub partly filled with soiled clothing and soapy, lukewarm water is set on the floor. Then the plunger is pushed up and down on the clothing, the movement being the same as that of a churn dasher. This vacuum cup forces the soapy water back and forth through the fabrics, loosening the dirt in them. In rinsing the process is the same except that the washed cloth- ing is placed in clean hot water, instead of soap suds. The ease with which the plunger is operated depends on how successful the worker is in keeping his back straight. Even strokes cleanse more quickly than uneven ones. This appliance is especially helpful in laundering blankets, quilts, overalls and other heavy articles without a washing machine. Kerosene Stoves Although kerosene stoves are used throughout the year, they are especially helpful in the hot weather when the heat of the range is objectionable. If they are given a position in the kitchen where breezes cannot blow upon them very often, they seldom smoke. There are two types of kerosene stoves; those which have wicks and those that are wickless. It is important that those without wicks be placed on a level foundation. When the floor slopes a little, pieces of cardboard or tiny blocks may be placed under the legs of the stove to level it. 250 THE FAEM COOK AND EXILE BOOK Every oil stove gives better satisfaction if kept clean. It takes only five or ten minutes every morning to keep it in this condi- tion. Soap and water are the best cleansing agents, for in a rich suds every part of the stove may be washed. A small brush is helpful in scrubbing the corners a cloth cannot reach.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

Among the labor-saving devices on the market are the vacuum ice cream freezers which have no crank to be turned. The cream mixture is simply poured into the freezer after the ice and salt have been placed in a separate compartment, and there is no stirring during the freezing process. The construction of this appliance is similar to that of a fireless cooker. When making ice cream, the freezer is inverted and the ice and salt mixture are placed in their compartment. A cupful of cold water is added to start the melting and then the lid is adjusted. The freezer is turned right side up and the ice cream mixture is poured in its compartment. The lid is adjusted tightly. The walls of the freezer are constructed with a vacuum space so that it is impossible for the cold temperature provided by the melting ice to escape. An old theory that ice cream will be coarse grained if it is not stirred with a dasher during the freezing has been upset by this appliance. Experience shows that a thin watery cream mixture produces a cream coarse in texture while a rich creamy one is a velvety, fine ice cream when frozen. Long-handled Plunger When one does not have a washing machine, a plunger may be used to advantage. This device consists of an inverted funnel or cone, a vacuum cup, fastened on to a handle like a broomstick. The tub partly filled with soiled clothing and soapy, lukewarm water is set on the floor. Then the plunger is pushed up and down on the clothing, the movement being the same as that of a churn dasher. This vacuum cup forces the soapy water back and forth through the fabrics, loosening the dirt in them. In rinsing the process is the same except that the washed clothing is placed in clean hot water, instead of soap suds. The ease with which the plunger is operated depends on how successful the worker is in keeping his back straight. Even strokes cleanse more quickly than uneven ones. This appliance is especially helpful in laundering blankets, quilts, overalls and other heavy articles without a washing machine. Kerosene Stoves Although kerosene stoves are used throughout the year, they are especially helpful in the hot weather when the heat of the range is objectionable. If they are given a position in the kitchen where breezes cannot blow upon them very often, they seldom smoke. There are two types of kerosene stoves; those which have wicks and those that are wickless. It is important that those without wicks be placed on a level foundation. When the floor slopes a little, pieces of cardboard or tiny blocks may be placed under the legs of the stove to level it. Every oil stove gives better satisfaction if kept clean. It takes only five or ten minutes every morning to keep it in this condition. Soap and water are the best cleansing agents, for in a rich suds every part of the stove may be washed. A small brush is helpful in scrubbing the corners a cloth cannot reach.

The farm cook & rule book