FoodNet

Elements of the theory and practice of cookery

1901

Page 37

Presented as published in 1901. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
136. Breakfast cereals may he either boiled or dry- steamed. Steaming is the slower process, because the food in the upper part of the double boiler never quite reaches 212° F. ; but is preferable, since it insures even cooking of the cereal, prevents it from wasting or dry- ing on to the vessel, as it does when a saucepan is used, and makes stirring unnecessary. 137. How to use a double boiler. — Fill the lower part (5, Fig. 9) one-tldrd full of boiling water, and keep it boiling. Add more boiling water from time to time, if needed to keep it one-third full. If allowed to stand over the fire, for even a short time, without water in the lower part, the boiler will become leaky and useless. Keep the two handles of the boiler in line, so that both parts may be readily lifted together. FUEL FOODS: SOME STARCHY PLANTS 75 See that both parts are dry before putting them away. A home-made double boiler may be contrived by setting one saucepan inside of another. Recipe for Whole Oatmeal (steamed) Oatmeal, 1 cupful. Salt, 1 teaspoonful. Water, 4 cupfuls. Put the water, with the salt, in the upper part of the double boiler, and set it directly over the heat. When it boils, stir in the oat- meal, put the two parts of the boiler together, and cook over night, or six hours by a day fire. Reheat in the morning. Or^ soak the oatmeal in the water for several Fig. 9. — Diagram of double boiler, hours, add the salt, and showing proper depth of water. , p ,^ ^ ^ steam tor three hours. Recipe for Boiled Rice (to be served as a vegetable in place of potatoes) Rice, 1 cupful. Salt, 1 teaspoonful. Water, 2 quarts (or more). Put the water in a saucepan to boil. Pick over and wash the rice. When the water boils rapidly, drop in the rice — slowly^ so as not to stop the boiling. If the grains settle to the bottom, stir them gently with a fork. Boil rapidly, uncovered, from twenty to thirty minutes, or until the grains can be crushed between 76 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF COOKERY thumb and finger, adding the salt when nearly done. Then turn into a strainer to drain, rinse with hot water, and dry in the serving-dish in the oven (with the door open) for a few minutes. Each grain should be white, soft, and distinct, the motion of the water keeping them separate, and the washing and rinsing removing loose starch that Avould tend to stick them together. 138. To wash rice. — Put it in a colander or strainer, and set this in a bowl of cold water ; rub the rice with the hands ; change the w^ater, repeating until it is clear. 139. Steam-cooked cereals not economical. — Many ce- real preparations, including most of those sold in pack- ages, have been partially steam-cooked at the factory. This shortens the time required to prepare them for the table ; but, on the other hand, it injures their flavor, and adds to them a large quantity of water, for the weight of which the purchaser pays. As a fire kept up for other purposes can usually be utilized for cook- ing cereals, it is more economical to buy these uncooked. 140. In good rice, the grains are yellowish white and wliole, with little starch-dust on them. Cornmeal and hominy spoil quickly ; purchase them in small quanti- ties. Keep cereals in jars or cans; in paper bags mice and insects may get to them. 141. Fruit with cereals. — Try serving fruit with cereals : —