FoodNet

Domestic science, principles and application

1914

Page 55 · 3 recipe records on this page

Presented as published in 1914. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
Pop corn has small, sharp, hard kernels. This corn when exposed to the heat bursts open, and the inside of the kernel, which is composed mainly of starch, swells into a mass of fluffy white. It is served hot and fresh with salt and butter, or with a sirup and made in the form of balls. It may also be used as a garnish around red apples filled with apple salad. Composition. — Corn is similar in structure and com- position to wheat, with the exception of the protein. Corn contains more fat than wheat and the protein has not the tenacious, elastic properties that gluten of wheat has. It cannot be baked into a light, porous loaf. Cornmeal is very heavy when used alone, and most recipes call for (117) 118 DOMESTIC SCIENCE the addition of white flour, as the gluten In the flour helps to hold the air In the mixture. Corn contains a small quantity of cellulose compared with other grains. Composition of Corn Foods Corn (whole) Hulled corn. . Hominy Pop corn . . . . Cornmeal . . . Protein Fat Carbohy- drates Minerals 10.5 5.4 71.7 1.5 2.3 .9 22.2 .5 8.6 .6 79.6 .3 10.7 5.0 78.7 1.3 8.9 2.2 75.1 .9 Water 10.9 74.1 10.9 4.3 12.9 CORN PRODUCTS Hominy is the corn kernel with the skin removed and may be either whole or cracked into coarse pieces. The skin was formerly removed by soaking in strong lye, but this Is now done by machinery. Cornmeal is made in two grades. A rather coarse meal is made by grinding the whole kernel and removing only the coarsest bran. This meal Is darker in color than the fine grade and does not keep well In summer, owing to the large amount of fat In the germ. A fancy grade Is made by removing both the skin and the germ from the kernel and grinding the remainder quite fine. Cornstarch Is the pure starch of the corn grain, made by washing the flour. Potd.toes are now coming to be used more for this purpose. Glucose, or corn sirup, is made by boiling corn starch with dilute acid. It Is about three-fifths as sweet as cane sugar, and is wholesome for table use and for candles. Food Value of Corn. — Corn, being rich In fat and starch, furnishes much heat and energy to the body. It Is deficient in protein and salts, which necessitates its being used with foods containing tissue-building materials. QUICK BREADS— THICK BATTERS 119 Cornmeal cooked in the form of mush, hoe-cake, johnny- cake, and brown bread is a very popular dish in the South and in some European countries. Such food is easily masticated and digested, may be quickly prepared, is cheap, nutritious, and may well be used more extensively every- where. APPLICATION 1. Cornmeal Muffins 1^ c. cornmeal 1 tbsp. melted butter . 1 c. flour yi tsp. salt 3 tsp. baking powder M c. milk 1 tbsp. sugar 1 eggCornmeal Muffins Method. — Mix and sift dry ingredients, add the milk gradually, then the egg well beaten, and the melted butter. Bake in a hot oven in buttered gem pans for 25 minutes. {Basis for 2 girls, Yi 'rule.) 2. Graham Muffins 1 c. graham flour 1 c. milk M c. flour 1 egg ^ c. sugar 1 tbsp. melted butter 1 tsp. salt 4 tsp. baking powderGraham Muffins Method. — Same as for Corn Meal Muffins. 3. Corn Bread ^/i c. cornmeal 3^ tsp. salt 1 c. flour 1 c. milk ^ c. sugar 1 egg 3 tsp. baking powder 2 tbsp. melted butterCorn Bread