FoodNet

Domestic science (Johnson, for schools and homes)

1911

Page 40

Presented as published in 1911. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
The following tables show the average per cents, of the diflFerent Salts or Mineral Matters, found in the solid tissues and in the fluids of the body. Table A. Solid Tissues. C a5 1 d CQ '^ c 1 C/5 Percentage of Salts. Sodium Chloride, 10.59 4.74 13.00 Potassium, Soda, 2.35 10.69 14.51 19.50 44.33 Potash, 34.40 34.42 25.23 1.30 9.60 Lime, 37.58 1.99 0.77 3.61 1.90 7.48 Magnesia, 1.22 1.45 1.22 0.20 1.90 0.49 Iron Oxide, 2.74 3.20 7.28 Chlorine, 2.58 Fluorine, 1.66 Phosphoric Acid (free) 9.15 " combined, 53.31 48.13 39.02 50.18 48.50 27.10 Sulphuric Acid, 0.75 0.92 1.4 2.54 Carbonic Acid, 5.47 Silicic Acid, 0.81 0.12 0.27 0.17 Phosphate of Iron, 1.23 APPENDIX 91 Table B. Fluids of the Body. 1 -? o s S a a 5 S § i Percent, of Salts. Sodium Chlo., 58.81 72.88 17.3674.48 67.28 10.73!27.70 Potassium, 29.87 26.33 Soda, 4.15 12.93 3.55 10.35 1.33 36.73 Potash, 11.97 2.95 22.36 3.25 13.64 21.44 4.80 Lime, 1.76 2.28 2.58 0.97 1.15 18.78 1.43 Magnesia, 1.12 0.27 0.53 0.26 1.34 0.87 0.53 Iron Oxide, 8.37 0.26 10.48 0.50 0.10 0.33 Chlorine, Fluorine, Phosp.Acid (free), " combined 10.23 1.73 10.64 1.09 11.21 19.00 10.45 Sulphuric Acid, 1.67 2.10 0.09 2.64 6.39 Carbonic Acid, 1.19 4.40 2.17 8.20 11.26 Silicic Acid, 0.20 0.42 1.27 4.06 0.36 Phosp. of Iron, By a study of the foregoing tables, the pupil will learn what mineral salts enter into the bodily tissues and the fluids, and in what relative proportions; and from this may select the food-stuffs best serving the purpose of building Up and repairing the different parts of the body. 92 DOMESTIC SCIENCE B. The Menu for each meal should be selected with the greatest care, based upon scientific knowledge. By the ex- pression, "A well balanced meal," is meant a meal for persons in the ordinary walks of life; those who labor in ordinary avocations; not a meal for the excessively active, nor for the excessively idle. Neither does it have in view the growing child, or the emaciated convalescent. No ex- tremes are meant. No fixed rules for feeding can be given. Growing children, building muscle, and, by their excessive activities, wearing out muscle, need about as much protein as a daily laborer; yet care should be exercised that they are Comparison of the Muscle-Making Values of Some Common Food-Stuffs. Protein Beef, round, Mutton, leg, Beef, loin, Beans, Beef, rib. Ham, smoked. Codfish, dressed, Oatmeal, Eggs, White flour. White Bread, ^B Cornmeal, ■■ Rice, ■■ Oysters, ■ Milk, unskimmed, Hi Milk, skimmed, g Potatoes, K Butter, I Sugar, Fig. 96. Basep pn the Gpvt, Analysis, U, S. Agricultural Dept. APPENDIX 93 not fed proteids to excess. Only the wise mother's care can determine the proper proportion for her child's diet. The same is true of all the other food principles. It must be remembered that it is not the amount taken into the stomach, but the amount digested, that is available in the devel- opment and repair of muscle, the production of heat and en- ergy, or the growth of the solid tissues. Over-feeding should be avoided; the sin of commission equals the sin of omis- sion in many cases, and sometimes bears the balance down.