FoodNet

Domestic science (Johnson, for schools and homes)

1911

Page 10

Presented as published in 1911. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
Lesson 6. Gluten is vegetable proteid, found in all cereals. It is the gummy substance found when chewing uncooked kernels of wheat It is named from the word glue, as its principal property is like that of glue. In making paste of flour, this gluey property of the flour is easily discovered. General Directions For Cooking Cereals. Stir the cereal gradually into the required quantity of boiling water, adding one teaspoonful of salt for each cup of cereal. Cook the mixture rapidly at first, about ten minutes, directly over the stove; then place it over boiling water, and cook from twenty to forty-five minutes longer, according to cereal used. To save time in cooking, soak the cereals in water before cooking; this is especially helpful in cooking coarse cereals. Fine cereals should be mixed with cold water, to the consistency of thick pancake batter, before stirring into the boiling water. This prevents lumping. Cook prepared market preparations much longer than is indicated by the directions on the package. In serving cereals, milk or cream should be used to sup- ply fat, in which they are deficient. Table For Cooking Cereals. KIND quantity WATER TIME Rolled Oats Ic. 2c. 45 m. Rolled Avena Ic. 2c. 45 m. 32 DOMESTIC SCIENCE KIND QUANTITY WATER TIME Wheatena, Cream of Wheat, etc Ic. 3 3-4c. 30 m. Rice (Steamed) Ic 2 3-4to4c. 45 to 50 m. Rice (Boiled) Ic. 6c. 25 m: Cornmeal Ic. 3 l-2c. 2 hrs. Oatmeal Ic. 4c. 3 to 4 hrs. Cracked Wheat Ic. 4c. 3 to 4 hrs: Hominy (Fine) Ic. 4c. 1 hr. Lesson 7. Animal Casein is a proteid of milk. It constitutes nearly 3.3 per cent, of the milk. It is coagulated by acids, causing a solid curd to separate from the liquid part of the milk. The liquid part is then called "whey." Casein can also be coagulated by rennet, a substance prepared from the lining of the stomach of the calf. The coagluated casein of milk, called curd, is pressed together to make cheese. The whey which remains after the curd is removed, consists of the water of the milk, holding in solution a little sugar and some mineral matter, with other soluble substances in very small amounts. It has some nutritive value, and is frequent- ly used for nourishment for invalids and infants. The curd consists principally of the coagulated casein and the fat of the milk, with some mineral matters. Cheese is highly nutritious, Skimmed milk cheese is nearly one-half pro- teid, while cheese made from unskimmed milk is only about one-third proteid, one third fat and the remaining third is composed of water, with small amounts of mineral matters. A. 113 ■ 4 B. 1 3 Pig. a COOKING 33 A. — Skimmed-milk Cheese. 1. Proteid; 2. Water; 3. Fat; 4. Mineral Matter. o- — t ull Cream Cheese. 1. Proteid; 2. Fat; 3. Water; 4. Mineral Matter. As cheese contains no starch, it should be eaten with starchy foods, such as bread and macaroni. Cheese in its raw state is somewhat difficult of digestion. This may be overcome by cooking, and adding a small amount of baking