tahle will show the relative value of some of the more common disinfectants, the first-named being taken at 100. THE NURSERY AND SICK-ROOM. 289 TABLE OF RELATIVE VALUK OF DISINFECTANTS. Chloride of lime with sulphuric acid, 100 Chloride of lime with sulphate of iron, 99 Carbolic acid, disinfecting powder, 85.6 Slaked lime, 84.6 Alum, 80.4 Sulphate of iron, 76.7 Suljihate of magnesia, 57.1 Permanganate of potash, with sulphuric acid, 51.3 Hence, if nothing better is available, use air-slaked lime freely in powder when- ever epidemic and contagious diseases are present. For cesspools use sulphate of iron in solution. XX. Tests for Impurities in Water. To tell if water be hard or soft, dissolve soap in alcohol, and drop a little in a glass of the water; it will become more or less milky, according to the hardness of the water. Test for Iron. — A crystal of prussiate of potash, dissolved iii water containing iron, will turn it blue. Test for Copper. — If copper be present in water, a few drops of liquid ammonia will turn it blue. Test for Lead. — If lead is suspected in water, add a little sulphuret of ammonia or potash. If there is lead in solution, water will assume a dark brown or blackish hue. XXI. Simple Poisons and Their Antidotes. Evert person having the care of children, should be conversant with the best- known antidote for simple poisons. A specific for poisoning by poison oak {Rhus, toxicodendron'), and other poisonous plants of that class, is to dissolve a handful of quicklime in water, let it stand half an hour, then paint the poisoned parts with it. Three or four applications will never fail to cure the most aggravated cases. Poison from bees, hornets, spider-bites, etc., is instantly arrested by the application of equal parts of common salt and bicarbonate of soda, well rubbed in on the place bitten or stung. XXII. Virulent Poisons and Their Antidotes. Oil of Vitriol, Aqua-Fortis, Spirit of Salt. — Antidotes— Ma.gi\%si.ii, chalk, soap and water. Emetic Tartar. — Antidotes — Oily drinks, solution of oak bark. Salt of Lemons or Acid of Sugar. — Antidotes — Chalk, whiting, lime or mag- nesia water. Sometimes an emetic draught. Prussic Acid. — Antidotes — Pump on back, smelling-salts to nose, artificial breath- ing, chloride of lime to nose. Strong prussic acid kills instantly. 290 twentieth century home cook book. Pearlash, Soar Lees, Siaielling-Salts, Niter, Hartshorn, Sal Volatile. — Antidof es-^Lemon-juicc and vinegar and Avater. Arsenic:, Fly-Powder or White Arsenic, King's Yellow or Yellow Arsenic. — Antidotes — Emetics, limewater, soap and Avater, sugar and Avater, oily drinks. Mercury, Corrosia^e Sublimate, Calomel. — Antidotes — White of eggs, soap and Avater. Opium, Laudanum. — Antidotes — Emetic drauglit, vinegar and water, dashing cold AA-ater on chest and face, Avalking up and down for two or three hours. Lead, White Lead, Sugar of Lead, Goulard's Extract. —Antidotes — Epsom salts, castor oil and emetics. Copper, Blue-Stone, Verdigris. — Antidotes — Whites of eggs, sugar and water, castor oil, gruel. Zinc. — Antidotes — Limewater, chalk and water, soap and Avater. Iron. — Antidotes — Magnesia, warm water. Henbane, Hemlock, Nightshade, Foxgloa'e. — Antidotes — Emetic and castor oil, brandy and water if necessary. Poisonous Food. — Antidotes — Emetics and castor oil. XXIII. Health- Board Disinfectants.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

table will show the relative value of some of the more common disinfectants, the first-named being taken at 100. TABLE OF RELATIVE VALUE OF DISINFECTANTS. Chloride of lime with sulphuric acid, 100 Chloride of lime with sulphate of iron, 99 Carbolic acid, disinfecting powder, 85.6 Slaked lime, 84.6 Alum, 80.4 Sulphate of iron, 76.7 Sulphate of magnesia, 57.1 Permanganate of potash, with sulphuric acid, 51.3 Hence, if nothing better is available, use air-slaked lime freely in powder whenever epidemic and contagious diseases are present. For cesspools use sulphate of iron in solution. XX. Tests for Impurities in Water. To tell if water be hard or soft, dissolve soap in alcohol, and drop a little in a glass of the water; it will become more or less milky, according to the hardness of the water. Test for Iron. — A crystal of prussiate of potash, dissolved in water containing iron, will turn it blue. Test for Copper. — If copper be present in water, a few drops of liquid ammonia will turn it blue. Test for Lead. — If lead is suspected in water, add a little sulphuret of ammonia or potash. If there is lead in solution, water will assume a dark brown or blackish hue. XXI. Simple Poisons and Their Antidotes. Evert person having the care of children, should be conversant with the best-known antidote for simple poisons. A specific for poisoning by poison oak {Rhus, toxicodendron'), and other poisonous plants of that class, is to dissolve a handful of quicklime in water, let it stand half an hour, then paint the poisoned parts with it. Three or four applications will never fail to cure the most aggravated cases. Poison from bees, hornets, spider-bites, etc., is instantly arrested by the application of equal parts of common salt and bicarbonate of soda, well rubbed in on the place bitten or stung. XXII. Virulent Poisons and Their Antidotes. Oil of Vitriol, Aqua-Fortis, Spirit of Salt. — Antidotes — Magnesia, chalk, soap and water. Emetic Tartar. — Antidotes — Oily drinks, solution of oak bark. Salt of Lemons or Acid of Sugar. — Antidotes — Chalk, whiting, lime or magnesia water. Sometimes an emetic draught. Prussic Acid. — Antidotes — Pump on back, smelling-salts to nose, artificial breathing, chloride of lime to nose. Strong prussic acid kills instantly. 290 twentieth century home cook book. Pearlash, Sour Lees, Smelling-Salts, Niter, Hartshorn, Sal Volatile. — Antidotes — Lemon-juice and vinegar and water. Arsenic, Fly-Powder or White Arsenic, King's Yellow or Yellow Arsenic. — Antidotes — Emetics, limewater, soap and water, sugar and water, oily drinks. Mercury, Corrosive Sublimate, Calomel. — Antidotes — White of eggs, soap and water. Opium, Laudanum. — Antidotes — Emetic drauglit, vinegar and water, dashing cold water on chest and face, walking up and down for two or three hours. Lead, White Lead, Sugar of Lead, Goulard's Extract. —Antidotes — Epsom salts, castor oil and emetics. Copper, Blue-Stone, Verdigris. — Antidotes — Whites of eggs, sugar and water, castor oil, gruel. Zinc. — Antidotes — Limewater, chalk and water, soap and water. Iron. — Antidotes — Magnesia, warm water. Henbane, Hemlock, Nightshade, Foxglove. — Antidotes — Emetic and castor oil, brandy and water if necessary. Poisonous Food. — Antidotes — Emetics and castor oil. XXIII. Health- Board Disinfectants.

Twentieth century home cook book