Quinine, Sutlphate of. — Physical properties: Colorless, inodorous, lustrous,
bitter efilorescent crystals, totally soluble in water previously acidulated with sul-
phuric acid. Stomachic, stimulant, febrifuge and tonic. Used in general debility,
neuralgia, and after fever. Dose: 1 to 3 grains.
Soda, Bicarbonate op. — Physical properties: A heavy, white powder, without
smell, and tasting slightly soapy. Entirely soluble in water. Anti-acid. Used for
acidities of the stomach. Dose : .5 to 30 grains.
Spic+elia. — A ver}' useful remedy' for roundworms. Dose: 10 to 20 grains of
the powder, given fasting; or }4 to 3 ounces of the infusion made by pouring 1 pint
of water on j4 ounce of the root.
SvRUP OF Iodide of Iron. — Is used because the iodide of iron is liable to in-
jury from change. Alterative, and affording the effects of iron and iodine. Used in
scrofulous diseases, and in cachectic states of the system. Dose: )4 drachm to 1
drachm.
Wine of Iron. — Stomachic and tonic. Used the same as other iron medicines.
Dose: 30 to 60 minims.
THE NURSERY AND SICK-ROOM. 287
XVIII. Doses and Their Graduation.
AxL who have charge of sick-rooms where the physician is not in regular attend-
ance, should uuderstaud the proportionate doses for various ages; but here, again,
proper calculation must be made for development, constitutional differences, etc.
The nurse should also know something of how certain medicines act on different sys-
tems. The following table will give a general idea of the proportionate dose to get
ordinary action of medicine, allowing that a person of twenty-five to forty years of
age requires a full dose.
TABLE OF PROPORTIONATE DOSES.
Age 80. .65.. 50.. 25-40.. 20.. 16.. 12.. 8 .. 5 .. 2 Years.
Doses ..S/8..%..7/q.. 1 ..7/&..%..S/Q..%..Yii..%
Age 12 6 2 to 1 Months.
Doses 1-5 1-8 1-15 1-24.
Adult women require about ^ the full dose of men.
Measures for Doses. — A tumbler is estimated to contain four or five fluid
ounces; a wineglass one and one-half or two fluid ounces; a tablespoon about one-
half fluid ounce; a teaspoonful one fluid drachm ; a minim is one drop.
XIX. DisinfectioD.
' With Clay or Loam. — Dry earths, strong loams and clay, reduced to powder,
are cheap and perfect deodorijzers of fetid substances, when the latter are covered
with the earth. These are valuable in all cases when the substance does not nearly
saturate the earth used.
Copperas. — For privy-vaults, cesspools, etc., especially those giving off the
smell of sulphurated hydrogen (rotten-egg smell), use copperas in powder. It is
cheap, and one or two pounds will destroy the smell of an ordinary privy-vault or
cesspool. It is also the best cheap disinfectant for sinks, drains and all that class of
fixtures giving off bad smells.
Carbolic acid or chloride of lime may be used in all cases when the smell of
these agents does not reach the rooms of a building.
Earth Closets. — We give two simple forms of earth closet for sick-rooms.
Fig. 1, a form with back ; Fig. 2, showing the arrangement for depositing the earth
on the "stool." Fig. 3 is a more simple form; Fig. 4, showing the seat opened.
They are valuable in the country for invalids, who cannot at all times go out of
doors. [See next page.]
To Disinfect Clothing. — Clothing may be disinfected by subjecting it to a
dry heat just below that which will injure the cloth. Perfectly boiling water is
usually suflScient to remove the contagion of diseases like small-pox, etc., but it is
better after washing to subject the clothing to a heat of not less than 300*^ Fahren-
heit. This may be done under pressure of steam.
Disinfecting the Sick-Room. — It is useful to know whether the air of a
"SSS
TWENTIETH CENTURY HOME COOK BOOK.
8ick-room is pure or not. To discover this, dampen a piece of white linen with a
.solution of nitrate of lead. If impure, the cloth will be darkened. The following
Page 160
Presented as published in 1905. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
Quinine, Sulphate of. — Physical properties: Colorless, inodorous, lustrous, bitter effloresccent crystals, totally soluble in water previously acidulated with sulphuric acid. Stomachic, stimulant, febrifuge and tonic. Used in general debility, neuralgia, and after fever. Dose: 1 to 3 grains.
Soda, Bicarbonate op. — Physical properties: A heavy, white powder, without smell, and tasting slightly soapy. Entirely soluble in water. Anti-acid. Used for acidities of the stomach. Dose : .5 to 30 grains.
Spicelia. — A very useful remedy for roundworms. Dose: 10 to 20 grains of the powder, given fasting; or }4 to 3 ounces of the infusion made by pouring 1 pint of water on j4 ounce of the root.
Syrup of Iodide of Iron. — Is used because the iodide of iron is liable to injury from change. Alterative, and affording the effects of iron and iodine. Used in scrofulous diseases, and in cachectic states of the system. Dose: )4 drachm to 1 drachm.
Wine of Iron. — Stomachic and tonic. Used the same as other iron medicines. Dose: 30 to 60 minims.
XVIII. Doses and Their Graduation.
All who have charge of sick-rooms where the physician is not in regular attendance, should understand the proportionate doses for various ages; but here, again, proper calculation must be made for development, constitutional differences, etc. The nurse should also know something of how certain medicines act on different systems. The following table will give a general idea of the proportionate dose to get ordinary action of medicine, allowing that a person of twenty-five to forty years of age requires a full dose.
TABLE OF PROPORTIONATE DOSES.
Age 80. .65.. 50.. 25-40.. 20.. 16.. 12.. 8 .. 5 .. 2 Years.
Doses ..S/8..%..7/q.. 1 ..7/&..%..S/Q..%..Yii..%
Age 12 6 2 to 1 Months.
Doses 1-5 1-8 1-15 1-24.
Adult women require about ^ the full dose of men.
Measures for Doses. — A tumbler is estimated to contain four or five fluid ounces; a wineglass one and one-half or two fluid ounces; a tablespoon about onehalf fluid ounce; a teaspoonful one fluid drachm ; a minim is one drop.
XIX. DisinfectioD.
' With Clay or Loam. — Dry earths, strong loams and clay, reduced to powder, are cheap and perfect deodorizers of fetid substances, when the latter are covered with the earth. These are valuable in all cases when the substance does not nearly saturate the earth used.
Copperas. — For privy-vaults, cesspools, etc., especially those giving off the smell of sulphurated hydrogen (rotten-egg smell), use copperas in powder. It is cheap, and one or two pounds will destroy the smell of an ordinary privy-vault or cesspool. It is also the best cheap disinfectant for sinks, drains and all that class of fixtures giving off bad smells.
Carbolic acid or chloride of lime may be used in all cases when the smell of these agents does not reach the rooms of a building.
Earth Closets. — We give two simple forms of earth closet for sick-rooms. Fig. 1, a form with back ; Fig. 2, showing the arrangement for depositing the earth on the "stool." Fig. 3 is a more simple form; Fig. 4, showing the seat opened. They are valuable in the country for invalids, who cannot at all times go out of doors. [See next page.]
To Disinfect Clothing. — Clothing may be disinfected by subjecting it to a dry heat just below that which will injure the cloth. Perfectly boiling water is usually sufficient to remove the contagion of diseases like small-pox, etc., but it is better after washing to subject the clothing to a heat of not less than 300° Fahrenheit. This may be done under pressure of steam.
Disinfecting the Sick-Room. — It is useful to know whether the air of a
"SSS
8ick-room is pure or not. To discover this, dampen a piece of white linen with a .solution of nitrate of lead. If impure, the cloth will be darkened. The following