Products of Combustion. — What is found deposited on the
inside of the stovepipe of a gas range ? To what is the
upper end of the stovepipe joined ? What does one often
see coming from the top of a chimney ? What is the pur-
pose of the stovepipe of a gas range ?
In the previous lesson it was found that when a material
burned, it united with oxygen. It is a matter of common
observation that when all solid fuels — coal, wood, paper —
burn, they decrease in size, and that fuel gas is consumed.
Apparently only a few ashes remain when solid fuels have
been burned, and only a disagreeable odor remains when
gas has been burned. Yet soot is deposited in the stove-
pipe and smoke issues from the chimney.
Ashes, soot, and smoke are called the products of combus-
tion, and they contain many different materials. In the
case of fuel gas, carbon and carbon dioxide are the products
of combustion that most interest the householder. Carbon
dioxide is not a poisonous gas, hut it does not support
animal life. Air containing much carbon dioxide does not
14 THE COOKING OP FOODS
contain enough oxygen for perfect respiration, hence the
necessity for an outlet for the products of combustion of a
gas stove ; good flue
construction is quite as
necessary for agas range
as for a coal range.
(See Fig. 6.)
When gas burns with
a yellow flame, it de-
posits soot on cooking
utensils and does not
give as much heat as it
should. This is caused
by incomplete combus-
tion, i.e. not enough air
is supplied for the quan-
tity of gas consumed.
Moreover, when com-
bustion is incomplete,
coun«yor theNacProcaasuctco. carbon monoxide some-
Flg. 6. -Gas range showing direction timea e8Cape3 without
of draft. , J;,. .
burning. This is an ex-
ceedingly poisonous gas. Hence it is specially necessary
for a householder to see that the gas burner is clean, well
regulated, and properly constructed, so that sufficient air
can unite with the gas to produce a blue flame.
Care of Gas Range. — Daily Care. — If any substance on
the stove cannot be removed easily, loosen it with a knife,
and then wipe the stove with a newspaper. Clean the
store with waste or a cloth having a little light paraffin oil
on it. Polish with flannelette or a flannel cloth. Remove
the tray that is beneath the top burners, and wash.
Weekly Care. — Wash the inside of the oven and the
movable tray with water to which washing soda solution
DISHWASHING 15
has been added. It is well to light the oven burner to dry
the stove after washing the ovens. Polish the nickel, if
necessary. Clean the stove with oil as directed for a coal
range. (Since oils ignite most readily, care should be taken not
to apply the oil when the stove is lighted !) Wipe the burner
with the oil. Clean the small holes of the burners by using
a knitting needle or wire kept for this purpose ; or, if the
openings in the burners are slots, use a knife to clean them.
QUESTIONS
Explain why it is necessary to have the fire box, ash pan, and
other parts of a coal range clean before building a fire.
If both hard and soft woods are used in building a fire, which
should be placed next to the paper ? Explain your answer.
What is the advantage in using oil rather than blacking in cleaning
a range ?
Explain why a stove cloth, saturated with oil, should be kept in a
covered tin can or stone jar.
Explain fully why the oven door of a gas range should be opened
while the oven burners are being lighted.
If a gas stove has no pipe for waste products, what special caution
must be observed in ventilating the kitchen ?
What are some of the advantages of a gas range over a coal range ?
LESSON III
Dishwashing
Note. — The writer feels that the only justification for inserting the
directions for broiling tomatoes or baking squash in this lesson, is to
relieve the prosaic yet necessary directions for dishwashing.
BROILED TOMATOES
• ✪ Broiled Tomatoes
Page 9 · 1 recipe record on this page
Presented as published in 1915. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
Products of Combustion. — What is found deposited on the inside of the stovepipe of a gas range ? To what is the upper end of the stovepipe joined ? What does one often see coming from the top of a chimney ? What is the purpose of the stovepipe of a gas range ?
In the previous lesson it was found that when a material burned, it united with oxygen. It is a matter of common observation that when all solid fuels — coal, wood, paper — burn, they decrease in size, and that fuel gas is consumed. Apparently only a few ashes remain when solid fuels have been burned, and only a disagreeable odor remains when gas has been burned. Yet soot is deposited in the stovepipe and smoke issues from the chimney.
Ashes, soot, and smoke are called the products of combustion, and they contain many different materials. In the case of fuel gas, carbon and carbon dioxide are the products of combustion that most interest the householder. Carbon dioxide is not a poisonous gas, hut it does not support animal life. Air containing much carbon dioxide does not
contain enough oxygen for perfect respiration, hence the necessity for an outlet for the products of combustion of a gas stove ; good flue construction is quite as necessary for agas range as for a coal range. (See Fig. 6.)
When gas burns with a yellow flame, it deposits soot on cooking utensils and does not give as much heat as it should. This is caused by incomplete combustion, i.e. not enough air is supplied for the quantity of gas consumed. Moreover, when combustion is incomplete, coun«yor theNacProcaasuctco. carbon monoxide some-
Flg. 6. -Gas range showing direction timea e8Cape3 without of draft. , J;,. .
burning. This is an exceedingly poisonous gas. Hence it is specially necessary for a householder to see that the gas burner is clean, well regulated, and properly constructed, so that sufficient air can unite with the gas to produce a blue flame.
Care of Gas Range. — Daily Care. — If any substance on the stove cannot be removed easily, loosen it with a knife, and then wipe the stove with a newspaper. Clean the store with waste or a cloth having a little light paraffin oil on it. Polish with flannelette or a flannel cloth. Remove the tray that is beneath the top burners, and wash.
Weekly Care. — Wash the inside of the oven and the movable tray with water to which washing soda solution
has been added. It is well to light the oven burner to dry the stove after washing the ovens. Polish the nickel, if necessary. Clean the stove with oil as directed for a coal range. (Since oils ignite most readily, care should be taken not to apply the oil when the stove is lighted !) Wipe the burner with the oil. Clean the small holes of the burners by using a knitting needle or wire kept for this purpose ; or, if the openings in the burners are slots, use a knife to clean them.
Explain why it is necessary to have the fire box, ash pan, and other parts of a coal range clean before building a fire.
If both hard and soft woods are used in building a fire, which should be placed next to the paper ? Explain your answer.
What is the advantage in using oil rather than blacking in cleaning a range ?
Explain why a stove cloth, saturated with oil, should be kept in a covered tin can or stone jar.
Explain fully why the oven door of a gas range should be opened while the oven burners are being lighted.
If a gas stove has no pipe for waste products, what special caution must be observed in ventilating the kitchen ?
What are some of the advantages of a gas range over a coal range ?
LESSON III
Dishwashing
Note. — The writer feels that the only justification for inserting the directions for broiling tomatoes or baking squash in this lesson, is to relieve the prosaic yet necessary directions for dishwashing.
BROILED TOMATOES
•
Records on this page
Broiled Tomatoes