Use and preparation of food

Salt, 1 teaspoon. 2/3 cups; or 3 cups wheat flour. Sugar, 1 cup. Baking i)o\vder, 2 teaspoons. Milk, 2 tablespoons. United States Department of Agriculture: Farmers' Bulletin 807. Bread and Bread Making in the Home. P"'armers' Bulletin 955. Use of Wheat Flour Substitutes in Baking. Farmers' Balletiu 5G5. Cornmeal as a Food : Ways of Using it. Farmers' Bulletin 817. How to Select Food: 11, Cereal Foods. Farmers' Bulletin 249. Cereal Breakfast Foods. Farmers' Bulletin 559. Use of Corn, Kafir, and Cowpeas in the Home. Farmers' Bulletin 298. Food Value of Corn and Corn Products. Circular 110. Use Peanut Flour to Save Wheat. Circular 111. Use Barley to Save Wheat. Circular 113. Use Soy-Beau Flour to Save Wheat. Circular 119. Use Rice Flour to Save Wheat. Circular 117. Use Corn Meal and Corn Flour to Save Wheat. United States Food Leaflets. (These leaflets are no longer available for distribution.) No. 2. Do You Know Corn Meal? No. 6. Do You Know Oatmeal? No. 18. Rice. No. 19. Hominy. UNIT VIII. Sugar and Sweets. The sugar bowl has returned to the table. During its absence there was much discussion of sugar, the reasons for the shortage, its real place in the diet, and possible substitutes. It seems worth while to review this material to see what lessons may have been learned that will be of value in normal times. 1. The use of sugar was restricted because there was a reduced supply as the result of : A. The actual decreased production of beet sugar, which is largely produced in the countries which were at war. Most of the sugar factories of France were destroyed. B. The loss of sugar by submarine sinkings. C. The lack of available tonnage for the transportation of cane sugar, 2. Sugar restrictions have been removed because of : A. An accumulation of sugar as a result of war-time restrictions. B. The availability of this year's crops of cane and beet sugar. C. Cessation of submarine sinkings. D. Increasing availability of stocks of sugar in Cuba, Java, and elsewhere, as ships can be spared to transport them. E. The continued short sugar ration among European nations. There is not enough sugar in the world to supply everyone with unlimited amounts. At present European nations prefer to use their share of available tonnage for other foods, especially fat. 3. Our storage facilities are limited, so for the present it seems best to eat more sugar and thus save fats for export. The use of other sweeteners is especially helpful in that it utilizes local, more quickly available supplies. 4. During the period of sugar shortage we found that: A. Sugar is not an essential article of diet — (1) The energy which it contains may be supplied equally well by other foods. (2) Sugar is valuable as a source of flavor, which makes our food more attractive, and so is a psychological factor in the diet. This sweet flavoring may be supplied equally well from sirups and dried fruits. B. The use of other sweeteners offers a real contribution to the diet in the variety of texture and flavor obtained by their use. C. The liigh prewar consumption of sugar was due to the following reasons : (1) It is a cheap and easily available source of energy. (2) Its flavor is pleasing. D. Too large a sugar and candy consumption is not desirable.