This lesson should serve as a review of the preceding lessons of the unit. Have the women plan and serve a meal built around the dishes prepared. Have variety in the type of meals prepared, USE AND PREPAKATION OF FOOD. 57 varying from a simple home luncheon to a company vegetarian dinner. The teacher should see that these menus are sufficiently high in calories and should be ready to offer suggestions as to de- sirable combinations. SUGGESTED MENUS. I. III. Baked beans. Brown bread. Soy-bean soup. Pickles. Salad. Baked apple. Desert. II. IV. Nut loaf or croquettes. Boiled beans with pork. Potatoes. Green vegetables. Green vegetables. Corn bread and butter. Salad. Dessert Dessert. UEFERENCES. United States Department of Agriculture : Farmers' Bulletin 559. Use of Corn, Kaffir, and Cowpeas in the Home. Farmers' Bulletin 973. The Soy Bean: Its Culture and Uses. Farmers' Bulletin 121. Beans, Peas, and Other Legumes as Food. Separate 746, Yearbook, 1917. The Peanut, a Great American Food. UNIT IV. Milk, Cheese, and Eggs. GENERAL INFORMATION. 1. Milk is one of the essential foods because it is the best building food for children. No other food can take its place for this purpose. Its perishable nature and the difficulties attending its production, transportation, and marketing make it a product peculiarly sensitive to disturbed conditions, so that both the quantity and the price are liable to be seriously affected. 2. Dairy situation in Europe : A. There has been a marked decrease in the dairy herds and a further decrease in the milk production. The decrease in the number of dairy animals is due to — (1) Seizure of many animals by the enemy during the period of invasion. (2) Slaughter of animals for food, to help in the serious meat shortage. B. The remaining dairy animals have been producing but 50 per cent of the normal amount of milk, due to — (1) Inability to import feed grains. (2) Diversion of grain within the countries for human food. (3) Inefficient and untrained labor. 3. Increase in price : A. Even before the war there was an upward trend in the selling price of milk in the United States. Tlie factors causing this in- crease, which have become even more important since 1914, are — (1) Increased wages for labor. (2) Increased cost of feed. (3) Increased cost of dairy equipment. (4) Increased cost of transportation. B. Fair price necessary to insure production. — To pay the price that assures a reasonable profit to the producer and thus maintain production is self-protection on the part of the consumer. If the price of milk is lowered below the level of fair returns, the farmers would reduce their herds, and the resulting milk shortage would greatly increase the selling price. It is unfortunate that an increase in price curtails the use, especially among the poor, where without it the children are more liable to have an insufficient diet. 58 USE AND PREPARATION OF FOOD. 59 4. The United States must maintain its dairy herds : A. To supply our own needs and maintain the health, particu- larly of the children, of the country.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

This lesson should serve as a review of the preceding lessons of the unit. Have the women plan and serve a meal built around the dishes prepared. Have variety in the type of meals prepared, varying from a simple home luncheon to a company vegetarian dinner. The teacher should see that these menus are sufficiently high in calories and should be ready to offer suggestions as to desirable combinations. SUGGESTED MENUS. I. III. Baked beans. Brown bread. Soy-bean soup. Pickles. Salad. Baked apple. Desert. II. IV. Nut loaf or croquettes. Boiled beans with pork. Potatoes. Green vegetables. Green vegetables. Corn bread and butter. Salad. Dessert Dessert. United States Department of Agriculture : Farmers' Bulletin 559. Use of Corn, Kaffir, and Cowpeas in the Home. Farmers' Bulletin 973. The Soy Bean: Its Culture and Uses. Farmers' Bulletin 121. Beans, Peas, and Other Legumes as Food. Separate 746, Yearbook, 1917. The Peanut, a Great American Food. UNIT IV. Milk, Cheese, and Eggs. 1. Milk is one of the essential foods because it is the best building food for children. No other food can take its place for this purpose. Its perishable nature and the difficulties attending its production, transportation, and marketing make it a product peculiarly sensitive to disturbed conditions, so that both the quantity and the price are liable to be seriously affected. 2. Dairy situation in Europe : A. There has been a marked decrease in the dairy herds and a further decrease in the milk production. The decrease in the number of dairy animals is due to — (1) Seizure of many animals by the enemy during the period of invasion. (2) Slaughter of animals for food, to help in the serious meat shortage. B. The remaining dairy animals have been producing but 50 per cent of the normal amount of milk, due to — (1) Inability to import feed grains. (2) Diversion of grain within the countries for human food. (3) Inefficient and untrained labor. 3. Increase in price : A. Even before the war there was an upward trend in the selling price of milk in the United States. Tlie factors causing this increase, which have become even more important since 1914, are — (1) Increased wages for labor. (2) Increased cost of feed. (3) Increased cost of dairy equipment. (4) Increased cost of transportation. B. Fair price necessary to insure production. — To pay the price that assures a reasonable profit to the producer and thus maintain production is self-protection on the part of the consumer. If the price of milk is lowered below the level of fair returns, the farmers would reduce their herds, and the resulting milk shortage would greatly increase the selling price. It is unfortunate that an increase in price curtails the use, especially among the poor, where without it the children are more liable to have an insufficient diet. 4. The United States must maintain its dairy herds : A. To supply our own needs and maintain the health, particularly of the children, of the country.

Use and preparation of food