Ice is becoming more and more essential to civilized man, not only for summer use but for the year around. The future promises many improvements along this line, in more rigid inspection of the sources of the natural ice supply, in improved facilities for the manu- facture of artificial ice, perhaps even in the individual home, by the transmission of cold brine as gas and water are now supplied from house to house from cen- tral plants, making it possible to dispense with the iceman's daily round. Patents have been issued for methods of cooling houses in summer similar to those used in cold storage plants. Food is now sent long dis- tances in refrigerator cars and the whole subject of refrigeration has received much study. It has been found that different foods require various degrees of temperature. Cold The preservation of food by cold storage is of great Storage benefit t0 armies and navies, but is not an unmixed blessing to the housekeeper for it has upset the seasons of foods, and when we can obtain a food at any time of the year it loses the charm it possessed when the season was a short one. Moreover, though food in cold storage does not spoil, it parts with something and undergoes certain changes which are not fully ex- plained as yet. The housekeeper is usually safer in the use of canned foods than of those subjected to a long period of cold storage. ICE. 29 The household refrigerator is frequently expected to , do impossibilities in caring for foods. It is a great labor saver when properly used and may be depended upon the year around and not merely in summer. It should be placed in a cool, light, airy place, con- venient to kitchen and dining room unless a second The Refrigerator A Refrigerator showing Direction of Air Currents. refrigerator be placed there. If possible place it near the door so that the ice man need not track all over the kitchen floor. The cellar is no place for a re- frigerator. A good cellar is a safe place for most foods, and a poor one will injure the refrigerator. In many households the cost of ice is more than saved by the preservation of food that would other- wise be lost. The average family will use from one to two dollars' worth of ice a month at city prices. In modern houses the water pipe from the ice com- Refrigerator 30 PRINCIPLES OF COOKERY. partment of the refrigerator is often connected with the sewer pipe. This should never be direct. Let the pipe drip into a spout. A refrigerator should have several compartments, that foods like milk and butter may be kept apart from others. The coolest, place is usually under the ice. A tile or enamel lined refrigerator has many advantages, but any that are properly made if kept clean will do good work. Any break should be repaired at once, for an overflow of water or a crack in the lin- ing may cause an odor which will flavor all food. care of The ice should be washed clean before putting in place and no food should ever be placed upon it. The jars of water chilling for table use are the only things to be allowed beside the ice in its compartment. No food should be put away while warm.

AI-modernized reading of the original text

Ice is becoming more and more essential to civilized man, not only for summer use but for the year around. The future promises many improvements along this line, in more rigid inspection of the sources of the natural ice supply, in improved facilities for the manufacture of artificial ice, perhaps even in the individual home, by the transmission of cold brine as gas and water are now supplied from house to house from central plants, making it possible to dispense with the iceman's daily round. Patents have been issued for methods of cooling houses in summer similar to those used in cold storage plants. Food is now sent long distances in refrigerator cars and the whole subject of refrigeration has received much study. It has been found that different foods require various degrees of temperature. Cold The preservation of food by cold storage is of great Storage benefit to armies and navies, but is not an unmixed blessing to the housekeeper for it has upset the seasons of foods, and when we can obtain a food at any time of the year it loses the charm it possessed when the season was a short one. Moreover, though food in cold storage does not spoil, it parts with something and undergoes certain changes which are not fully explained as yet. The housekeeper is usually safer in the use of canned foods than of those subjected to a long period of cold storage. ICE. The household refrigerator is frequently expected to , do impossibilities in caring for foods. It is a great labor saver when properly used and may be depended upon the year around and not merely in summer. It should be placed in a cool, light, airy place, convenient to kitchen and dining room unless a second [illustration: A Refrigerator showing Direction of Air Currents.] The Refrigerator refrigerator be placed there. If possible place it near the door so that the ice man need not track all over the kitchen floor. The cellar is no place for a refrigerator. A good cellar is a safe place for most foods, and a poor one will injure the refrigerator. In many households the cost of ice is more than saved by the preservation of food that would otherwise be lost. The average family will use from one to two dollars' worth of ice a month at city prices. In modern houses the water pipe from the ice com- partment of the refrigerator is often connected with the sewer pipe. This should never be direct. Let the pipe drip into a spout. A refrigerator should have several compartments, that foods like milk and butter may be kept apart from others. The coolest, place is usually under the ice. A tile or enamel lined refrigerator has many advantages, but any that are properly made if kept clean will do good work. Any break should be repaired at once, for an overflow of water or a crack in the lining may cause an odor which will flavor all food. care of The ice should be washed clean before putting in place and no food should ever be placed upon it. The jars of water chilling for table use are the only things to be allowed beside the ice in its compartment. No food should be put away while warm.

Principles of cookery