for keeping them m position. This is to be effected by a
"splint" of some kind. Where proper splints, made by surgi-
cal instrument makers, cannot be procured, there are many
things often at hand which may be improvised into what is
wanted. Thus, long, straight straws, placed and bandaged on,
side by side, will form a clean and handy splint. Pieces of
straight wood, cut to proper length and shape, and covered
with a soft pad; pasteboard, or any other stiff material, fastened
on with bandages, not too tightly. When the ends of the bone
in a simple fracture are easily set into their normal positions, a
good and ready splint may be made out of plaster of Paris, or
gum and chalk, or white of egg and flour. Either of these two
last being spread upon strips of rag, and several strips laid
one over the other, will soon dry into a case as hard as board,
and from which it may not be necessary to remove the limb
until the cure is complete. Before putting this or any other
form of splint on the broken limb, the skin should be well
washed with warm soap and water.
If the fracture be compound, a portion oi the bandage must
be so arranged as to allow of water dressing and the drainage
of discharges. In the case of comminuted compound frac-
tures, if any pieces of loose broken bone be visible, they should
at once be removed by the help of forceps. Diluted Condy's
fluid, or carbolic acid and oil (one part of acid to twenty-eight
of oil), will be found of great use in dressing compound frac-
tures, as they destroy the injurious eflects and foetid odor of
the discharge.
Arm Bones. — If both bones be broken, a splint and band-
age as follows: Care must be taken
that the palm of the hand is flat to
the chest, with the thumb uppermost.
Or it may be put up in strips of
linen thickly smeared with a paint
of chalk and gum, or eggs and flour.
Unless severe pain occur the band-
age need not be removed under four
weeks. A handkerchief, adjusted as
a sling, should support the arm.
If one bone of the arm only be
broken, the other bone will act, in
some measure, as a splint to keep the
broken bone in its position.
MEDICINAL.
335
If the upper or large bone of the arm be broken, the lower
arm, from the elbow, should be
supported in a sling; or the
shaft of the bone being bound
by two or four splints, may be
bandaged to the side of the
body, as shown in the cut.
Fracture of Arm Above the Elbow. — This can gener-
ally be recognized by the deformity which it produces. The
bone should be placed in its proper position in the following
manner: One person should steady the shoulder while another
person should firmly draw the elbow downwards, until the
arm is straightened. When this result
is obtained, the bones should be kept
in their proper position by means of
four splints, which should be well pad-
ded and applied round the arm; these
should be firmly fastened with a cou-
ple of straps, or bands of adhesive
plaster. Before the splints are appli-
ed, the arm should be well washed
with soap and water, and dusted with
powdered starch or oxide of zinc.
It is advisable not to put the splints
on too tight at first, in order to
allow for swelling. They may be
tightened after a day or so. Frac-
tures of this bone require the splints
to be kept on for six weeks.
Page 241
Presented as published in 1883. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
for keeping them m position. This is to be effected by a "splint" of some kind. Where proper splints, made by surgical instrument makers, cannot be procured, there are many things often at hand which may be improvised into what is wanted. Thus, long, straight straws, placed and bandaged on, side by side, will form a clean and handy splint. Pieces of straight wood, cut to proper length and shape, and covered with a soft pad; pasteboard, or any other stiff material, fastened on with bandages, not too tightly. When the ends of the bone in a simple fracture are easily set into their normal positions, a good and ready splint may be made out of plaster of Paris, or gum and chalk, or white of egg and flour. Either of these two last being spread upon strips of rag, and several strips laid one over the other, will soon dry into a case as hard as board, and from which it may not be necessary to remove the limb until the cure is complete. Before putting this or any other form of splint on the broken limb, the skin should be well washed with warm soap and water.
If the fracture be compound, a portion of the bandage must be so arranged as to allow of water dressing and the drainage of discharges. In the case of comminuted compound fractures, if any pieces of loose broken bone be visible, they should at once be removed by the help of forceps. Diluted Condy's fluid, or carbolic acid and oil (one part of acid to twenty-eight of oil), will be found of great use in dressing compound fractures, as they destroy the injurious effects and foetid odor of the discharge.
Arm Bones. — If both bones be broken, a splint and bandage as follows: Care must be taken that the palm of the hand is flat to the chest, with the thumb uppermost. Or it may be put up in strips of linen thickly smeared with a paint of chalk and gum, or eggs and flour. Unless severe pain occur the bandage need not be removed under four weeks. A handkerchief, adjusted as a sling, should support the arm.
If one bone of the arm only be broken, the other bone will act, in some measure, as a splint to keep the broken bone in its position.
If the upper or large bone of the arm be broken, the lower arm, from the elbow, should be supported in a sling; or the shaft of the bone being bound by two or four splints, may be bandaged to the side of the body, as shown in the cut.
Fracture of Arm Above the Elbow. — This can generally be recognized by the deformity which it produces. The bone should be placed in its proper position in the following manner: One person should steady the shoulder while another person should firmly draw the elbow downwards, until the
arm is straightened. When this result is obtained, the bones should be kept in their proper position by means of four splints, which should be well padded and applied round the arm; these should be firmly fastened with a couple of straps, or bands of adhesive plaster. Before the splints are applied, the arm should be well washed with soap and water, and dusted with powdered starch or oxide of zinc. It is advisable not to put the splints on too tight at first, in order to allow for swelling. They may be tightened after a day or so. Fractures of this bone require the splints to be kept on for six weeks.