FoodNet

History and present status of instruction in cooking in the public schools of New York city

1899

Page 19

Presented as published in 1899. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
The boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx are educationally united under one borough superintendent, John Jasper, who alone thus far has cooking schools in his manual-training course. Under his direction the course in cookery for the sixth and seventh school years has been revised and is now as follows : OUTLINE OF THE COURSE OF COOKERY IN THE NEW YORK CITY SCHOOLS. What cooking means. — Cooking means the knowledge of Medea and Circe, and of C alypso, and of Helen, and of Rebekah, and of the Queen of Sheba. It means the knowledge of all herbs, and fruit, and balms, and spices, and of all that is healing and sweet in fields and groves and savory in meats : it means carefulness and invent- iveness, and watchfulness, and willingness, and readiness of appliance; it means the economy of your great-grandmothers and the science of modern chemists; it means much tasting and no wasting ; it means English thoroughness, and French art, and Arabian hospitality: it means, in fine, that you are to be perfectly and always, ladies (loaf givers); and, as you are to see imperatively that everybody has some- thing pretty to put on, so you are to see, yet more imperatively, that everybody has something nice to eat. — RUSKIN. Am, Fike, Water. a. Their relation to life. h. Their relation to cookery. Air. — a. Why important to life. 1. Oxygen, with experiment. 2. Necessity of fresh air. 4. Relation to combustion. 25 Fire a. Combustion. i vi„Ac ~r fSlow — Examples of. 1. Kinds of ---.{Eapid_ExaiJpiea 0f. & Principal uses of fire in the house. 1. For warmth. 2. For cooking pnrposes. c. Fuels. 1. History. 2. Varieties. Vegetable '~ fi££- a. Solid Mineral Manufactured f Petroleum. b. Liquid and gaseous Alcohol Fuels not in general use. Lignite. Bituminous. Anthracite. I Charcoal. Coke. Peat. Pressed hay. Peach pits. ] Corncobs. Corn. ICamels' dung. Ir-i-o- i Natural. LLTases'" 'Manufactured. Xote.— The attention of the pupils should constantly be called to the importance of economy in the use of fuels and. of having flue connections for all gas stoves. Xote. — Could gas be universally used for fuel one of the greatest drudgeries of housekeeping — making and taking care of coal fires — would be removed. Every school kitchen is furnished with a gas stove, but great care and watchfulness on the part of teachers is necessary in order that the little cooks may form the habit of using it economically. Water. — a. Its source. 1. Evaporation and condensation. 2. Soft water— rain. 3. Hard water — having taken mineral matter from the earth. Difference between {Temporary hard water, unrerence between | Permanent hard water. Tests. 4. Impurities in water. Xote. — Caution in use of water that stands in pipes. CHEMISTRY OF CLEANING. 1. Personal cleanliness. (Skin. J Hair. lTeeth. [Nails. b. Care of clothing. Xote. — Their importance to the health of the individual and of the public, and their power as a preventive to the spread of contagious diseases should be dwelt upon. 2. Household cleanliness. a. Valuable aids to — [Ventilation. Sunlight. [Disinfectants. Beds and bedding. Floors, walls, ceilings. Closets, traps. PautrieB. Ice boxes. Dish towels. Dish cloths, etc. Xote. — The study of the composition of soap, ammonia, soda, potash, etc., utensils, stoves, and polishing reagents, to be taken np under above heading. b. Care of. 26 The Human Body.