FoodNet

Handbook of domestic science and household arts for use in elementary schools

1900

Page 67

Presented as published in 1900. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
Preparation for Market. — During the height of the season, each coolie is expected to bring a bushel of berries to the pulping mill at midday and again in the evening. This fruit resembles in, color and texture a small cherry, but instead of one stone it contains two seeds. These seeds are enveloped in a thick leathery skin called parchment. After the berries have been pulped by machinery they are cured by exposing them to the sun for six or eight days. Great care is needed, because they are now extremely sensitive to rain or dew. When thoroughly dried, they are sent to the coffee works in bushel bags. Here they are placed in circular troughs and subjected to the pressure of heavy rollers, which 136 HANDBOOK OP DOMESTIC SCIENCE break the parchment but do not crush the berry. This outer covering is fanned away and the berries sized. This is necessary on account of the roasting. A small bean would be burned to charcoal before a larger one was thoroughly roasted. The smallest berries, no matter where grown, receive the trade name of Mocha and command the high- est price. Nineteen-twentieths of the Mochas and Javas of commerce come from Brazil, and it is many years since real Mocha has reached Europe or the United States. It sometimes happens that instead of two flat seeds, the berry will have one round one. These are carefully sorted out and sold in market under the name of male berry or pea berry coffee. It is supposed to have a finer flavor than the common varieties, and for that reason commands a higher price. History. — The legend of its discovery is quite interesting. It is said that a poor Arabian dervish noticed evening after evening that his goats returned home in remarkably happy humor. He watched them closely to find out if he could the cause of their joy fulness, and discovered that they ate eagerly the leaves and flowers of a beautiful unknown tree. He tried the effects of these on himself. He was so exhila- rated that his neighbors accused him of drinking wine, for- bidden to them; but when he told them of his discovery, they agreed with him at once that it was a plant sent by Allah as a substitute for the forbidden wine. The Mahometans used it to keep themselves from going to sleep during their long hours of prayer. For this reason its use was opposed by many of the priests, who tried in vain to have it brought under the prohibition of the Koran which was directed against intoxicating drinks. Physiological Effects. — Coffee, unlike tea, decreases the action of the skin, and is not, therefore, accompanied by the free perspiration so characteristic of tea. It increases res- DRINKS 137 piration, the action of the heart, and excites the mucous membranes. This in addition to its slightly greater food value makes it better fitted for the feeble than tea. Because the skin is most active and the heart most feeble in the morning, it is preeminently a breakfast drink. It is not so good after dinner, and if taken then should be drunk soon after the meal. Adulterations. — Unground coffee is not easily adulter- ated; but ground coffee is very frequently mixed with ground chicory, dandelion or carrot roots, or ground peas and beans.