II. To make the oxide of carbon, Jcnoivn as carbon dioxide.
— Fasten a piece of charcoal, which is nearly pure carbon, on
a wire. Pass the wire through a piece of cardboard. Heat
the charcoal until it glows, and then plunge into a wide-
mouthed bottle in such a way that the cardboard serves as a
cover for the bottle. (A bottle of pure oxygen is better
than a bottle of air). When the fire has gone out, remove
the charcoal and pour clear lime water into the bottle. Cork
and shake. The water will become milky. After the burn-
ing of the charcoal, the bottle was full of the gas called
carbon dioxide. This gas always makes lime water milky.
III. To shoiu that carbon dioxide is not a good supporter of
combustion. — Make a bottle of carbon dioxide, as in Ex. IL
THE BEDROOM 267
Into this plunge a lighted stick or taper. It is immediately
extinguished.
IV. To shoiv that the air which comes from the hings con-
tains carbon dioxide. — Take a bottle half full of clear lime
water. Into this bottle fit a rubber stopper having two
holes. Into one hole put a piece of glass tubing reaching
almost to the bottom of the bottle. Into the other hole put
a piece reaching just below the stopper. Placing the lips on
the short tube, draw the air of the room through the lime
water, being very careful not to exhale air from the lungs
into the bottle. Note that the lime water undergoes very
little change, if any. Now place the lips to the long tube
and blow air .from the lungs into the bottle. Note that the
lime water soon becomes milky, and that on standing, a
white precipitate settles to the bottom of the bottle.
V. To shoio that heat is created within the body. — Take the
temperature of the room with a thermometer. Then hold
the thermometer tightly in the hand for two or three
minutes. Why does the mercury rise?
Lesson II
Hygiene of the Bedroom (continued)
Excretions from the Skin. — The waste material of the
body is thrown off through the skin, as well as through the
lungs. Every day there come through the skin small
amounts of carbon dioxide, and from one and one-half to
two pints of water. This water usually evaporates imme-
diately, and is therefore spoken of as insensible perspira-
tion. It is absorbed by the clothing, which, therefore,
needs frequent washing or airing, to prevent it from getting
musty. With the water always come certain solid sub-
stances which are left on the skin when the water evapor-
ates. The skin also excretes an oily substance. Some of
268 HANDBOOK OP DOMESTIC SCIENCE
these solid matters are ill-smelling when first excreted.
Others decompose if they stay on the skin long. Butyric
acid, which gives the vile odor to rancid butter, is found
among the excretions of the skin. These substances are
rubbed off from the skin by the friction of the clothing
during the day, and when the clothing is removed at night
they are likely to be freed, and to settle in the bedroom.
They also get on the night clothing. The best way to keep
these excreted substances from accumulating in the bed-
room is to bathe frequently, and to air thoroughly the
clothing worn at night as well as that worn by day.
Page 128
Presented as published in 1900. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
II. To make the oxide of carbon, Jcnoivn as carbon dioxide. — Fasten a piece of charcoal, which is nearly pure carbon, on a wire. Pass the wire through a piece of cardboard. Heat the charcoal until it glows, and then plunge into a widemouthed bottle in such a way that the cardboard serves as a cover for the bottle. (A bottle of pure oxygen is better than a bottle of air). When the fire has gone out, remove the charcoal and pour clear lime water into the bottle. Cork and shake. The water will become milky. After the burning of the charcoal, the bottle was full of the gas called carbon dioxide. This gas always makes lime water milky.
III. To shoiu that carbon dioxide is not a good supporter of combustion. — Make a bottle of carbon dioxide, as in Ex. IL
Into this plunge a lighted stick or taper. It is immediately extinguished.
IV. To shoiv that the air which comes from the hings contains carbon dioxide. — Take a bottle half full of clear lime water. Into this bottle fit a rubber stopper having two holes. Into one hole put a piece of glass tubing reaching almost to the bottom of the bottle. Into the other hole put a piece reaching just below the stopper. Placing the lips on the short tube, draw the air of the room through the lime water, being very careful not to exhale air from the lungs into the bottle. Note that the lime water undergoes very little change, if any. Now place the lips to the long tube and blow air .from the lungs into the bottle. Note that the lime water soon becomes milky, and that on standing, a white precipitate settles to the bottom of the bottle.
V. To shoio that heat is created within the body. — Take the temperature of the room with a thermometer. Then hold the thermometer tightly in the hand for two or three minutes. Why does the mercury rise?
Lesson II
Hygiene of the Bedroom (continued)
Excretions from the Skin. — The waste material of the body is thrown off through the skin, as well as through the lungs. Every day there come through the skin small amounts of carbon dioxide, and from one and one-half to two pints of water. This water usually evaporates immediately, and is therefore spoken of as insensible perspiration. It is absorbed by the clothing, which, therefore, needs frequent washing or airing, to prevent it from getting musty. With the water always come certain solid substances which are left on the skin when the water evaporates. The skin also excretes an oily substance. Some of
these solid matters are ill-smelling when first excreted. Others decompose if they stay on the skin long. Butyric acid, which gives the vile odor to rancid butter, is found among the excretions of the skin. These substances are rubbed off from the skin by the friction of the clothing during the day, and when the clothing is removed at night they are likely to be freed, and to settle in the bedroom. They also get on the night clothing. The best way to keep these excreted substances from accumulating in the bedroom is to bathe frequently, and to air thoroughly the clothing worn at night as well as that worn by day.