Cellulose (roughage) is a carbohydrate, but since it is practically in-
soluble, it does not supply heat or energy. It gives bulk to diet.
2. Fats — give heat or energy.
3. Proteins — build the body; give heat or energy.
4. Minerals — build the body; regulate body processes.
5. Water — regulates body processes.
6. Vitamins — help to make us grow, to increase resistance to
disease, to prevent defective teeth and to give us appetite.
Vitamin A (C20H30O), soluble in oils
Found in green-leaf vegetables, yellow vegetables, yellow fruits,
liver, whole milk, dairy products, eggs, liver oils of cod, halibut,
and salmon. Helps (a) to make us grow normally ; ( b ) to keep
the mucous membranes healthy; thus aiding in resisting in-
fections ; (c) to prevent diseases of the eye caused by a lack of
vitamin A in the diet, such as certain types of night blindness.
Carotene (Pro-vitamin A)
Found in carrots and green plants; converted into vitamin A in
the liver.
Vitamin B Group, soluble in water
1. Vitamin B (Bi) (thiamin, CioHigN-jOSClo)
Found in whole grains, especially wheat germ, lean pork, legumes,
liver, kidney, heart, oysters, milk, yeast, root and leaf vege-
584
Appendix
585
tables. Helps (a) to make us grow normally; ( b ) to maintain
a normal appetite; (c) to prevent and correct beri-beri.
2. Riboflavin (C17H20N4O6)
Found in milk, liver, other meats (lean), oysters, eggs, leaf and
other green vegetables. Helps ( a ) to make us grow normally;
(b) probably to keep the skin healthy.
3. Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid, C6H5NO2)
Found in wheat germ, liver, other meats (lean), leaf and other
green vegetables, milk. Helps (a) to prevent and cure a dis-
ease called pellagra.
4. Vitamin or Vitamin H (C7H11NO3)
Found in vegetable fats, grains, seeds of legumes, yeast, meats,
and fish. Helps to relieve extreme nervousness, insomnia, and
other disturbances after a patient has been cured of pellagra
and beri-beri.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (C6H806), soluble in water
Found in fresh fruits, especially citrus fruits, tomatoes, leaf and
other green vegetables, commercially canned green vege-
tables and fruits. Helps (a) to make us grow normally and
keep healthy; ( b ) to maintain healthy gums; (c) to prevent a
disease called scurvy, which is characterized by inflamed
bleeding gums, loosened and decayed teeth, and sore joints.
Vitamin D (calciferol) (C28H44O), soluble in fats
Found in fish liver oils, salmon, egg yolk, vitamin D milk.
Helps ( a ) to prevent rickets, a children’s disease affecting the
bones, severe cases causing bowed legs and other disfigure-
ments; ( b ) to build healthy teeth.
Vitamin E (C29H5o02), soluble in fats
Found in wheat germs, green lettuce, vegetable oils, seeds of
legumes, meat, milk, egg yolk. Helps in reproduction.
5B6 Appendix
Vitamin K (C32H48O2), soluble in fats
Found in green leaf vegetables and tomatoes. Helps in clotting
of blood and the prevention of hemorrhage.
EFFECT OF HEAT ON VITAMINS
The vitamins most affected by heat are:
A — affected by high temperature in the presence of air.
Bi — (thiamin) affected by heat, especially in the presence of
soda.
C — (ascorbic acid) readily affected, especially in the presence
of air.
PROBABLE AMOUNT OF VITAMINS NEEDED DAILY
Page 303
Presented as published in 1928. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
AI-modernized reading of the original text
A modernized reading is not available for this page yet. You are seeing the original text.
Cellulose (roughage) is a carbohydrate, but since it is practically in-
soluble, it does not supply heat or energy. It gives bulk to diet.
2. Fats — give heat or energy.
3. Proteins — build the body; give heat or energy.
4. Minerals — build the body; regulate body processes.
5. Water — regulates body processes.
6. Vitamins — help to make us grow, to increase resistance to
disease, to prevent defective teeth and to give us appetite.
Vitamin A (C20H30O), soluble in oils
Found in green-leaf vegetables, yellow vegetables, yellow fruits,
liver, whole milk, dairy products, eggs, liver oils of cod, halibut,
and salmon. Helps (a) to make us grow normally ; ( b ) to keep
the mucous membranes healthy; thus aiding in resisting in-
fections ; (c) to prevent diseases of the eye caused by a lack of
vitamin A in the diet, such as certain types of night blindness.
Carotene (Pro-vitamin A)
Found in carrots and green plants; converted into vitamin A in
the liver.
Vitamin B Group, soluble in water
1. Vitamin B (Bi) (thiamin, CioHigN-jOSClo)
Found in whole grains, especially wheat germ, lean pork, legumes,
liver, kidney, heart, oysters, milk, yeast, root and leaf vege-
584
Appendix
585
tables. Helps (a) to make us grow normally; ( b ) to maintain
a normal appetite; (c) to prevent and correct beri-beri.
2. Riboflavin (C17H20N4O6)
Found in milk, liver, other meats (lean), oysters, eggs, leaf and
other green vegetables. Helps ( a ) to make us grow normally;
(b) probably to keep the skin healthy.
3. Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid, C6H5NO2)
Found in wheat germ, liver, other meats (lean), leaf and other
green vegetables, milk. Helps (a) to prevent and cure a dis-
ease called pellagra.
4. Vitamin or Vitamin H (C7H11NO3)
Found in vegetable fats, grains, seeds of legumes, yeast, meats,
and fish. Helps to relieve extreme nervousness, insomnia, and
other disturbances after a patient has been cured of pellagra
and beri-beri.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (C6H806), soluble in water
Found in fresh fruits, especially citrus fruits, tomatoes, leaf and
other green vegetables, commercially canned green vege-
tables and fruits. Helps (a) to make us grow normally and
keep healthy; ( b ) to maintain healthy gums; (c) to prevent a
disease called scurvy, which is characterized by inflamed
bleeding gums, loosened and decayed teeth, and sore joints.
Vitamin D (calciferol) (C28H44O), soluble in fats
Found in fish liver oils, salmon, egg yolk, vitamin D milk.
Helps ( a ) to prevent rickets, a children’s disease affecting the
bones, severe cases causing bowed legs and other disfigure-
ments; ( b ) to build healthy teeth.
Vitamin E (C29H5o02), soluble in fats
Found in wheat germs, green lettuce, vegetable oils, seeds of
legumes, meat, milk, egg yolk. Helps in reproduction.
5B6 Appendix
Vitamin K (C32H48O2), soluble in fats
Found in green leaf vegetables and tomatoes. Helps in clotting
of blood and the prevention of hemorrhage.
EFFECT OF HEAT ON VITAMINS
The vitamins most affected by heat are:
A — affected by high temperature in the presence of air.
Bi — (thiamin) affected by heat, especially in the presence of
soda.
C — (ascorbic acid) readily affected, especially in the presence
of air.
PROBABLE AMOUNT OF VITAMINS NEEDED DAILY