FoodNet

Foods and home making

1928

Page 182

Presented as published in 1928. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
butcher once said to a home-economics teacher : 11 Do teach girls that there are some good cuts of meat other than porterhouse.” The customers of this meat dealer made it difficult for him to sell all parts of the animal. When he bought porterhouse steaks or roasts, he had to buy other cuts of meat also. For some of these cuts he had little demand. In beef, mutton, pork, and many of the other animals used as food, there are certain parts which are tender and other parts Redrawn from. U. S. Department of Agriculture Chart Figure 102. Composition of the Edible Portion of Beef Steak Notice the percentage of protein. The protein of meat is of excellent quality. Because meat contains a high percentage not only of protein but of fat, it is considered a concentrated food. Meat muscle is poor in vitamins except B and G. Lean beef contains vitamins A + , B ++, C — to -J-, G +-+- (see Note 1, page 37). which are tough. For the more tender parts, a higher price is charged. Why do people like tender cuts of meat when they are so high in price ? There are at least two reasons for this : (i) the tender cuts taste good, and (2) they are quickly cooked. Is it advisable to buy the cheaper cuts of meat? Are the tender cuts more nutritious than the tough cuts? In answer to this question we again quote McCollum and Becker. 35° Dinner These authorities say : “ The nutritive value of the cheaper cuts is in every respect comparable to the more expensive cuts.” 1 Thus we gain nothing as far as nourishment is concerned by buy- ing the more expensive tender cuts. It was mentioned that tender cuts were liked because they taste good. Is it possible to make the tough cuts taste good ? The answer to this question is “ Yes.” In fact the tough muscles contain more flavoring materials or extractives than the tender cuts. These flavoring materials make tough meats taste good. However, we cannot notice or appreciate the taste of tough meat when the meat remains tough. It must be cooked long enough to make it tender before we can enjoy the taste. In order to make tough cuts tender, it is necessary to cook them a long time or to chop them. There are some ways of cooking tough cuts of meat whereby the meat has a delicious taste and becomes tender enough to cut with a fork. It is wise to learn of ways of making the tough and cheaper cuts of meat taste good. By learning how to do this, one’s family can have good meat at much less cost than if the more expensive cuts are used. A girl has the op- portunity of proving helpful to her family if she learns how to make inexpensive cuts of meat taste good. What makes some cuts of meat tougher than others? Cattle stand much of the time. They use the muscles of their legs almost continually. A cow’s leg muscles thus become strong and well developed. The muscles that are used most become the toughest. Meat from the legs, neck, and shoulders are among the toughest cuts. Along the backbone of the animal, there is a muscle which is less used than some other muscles. This muscle makes the most tender meat. Knowing that much- used muscles make tough meat and little-used muscles make more tender meat helps us to learn to locate the tough and ten- der cuts of meat. See page 70 of Food, Nutrition, and Health by McCollum and Simmonds. Meats for Dinner — Buying Beef 351