FoodNet

Middle class cookery book

1912

Page 9

Presented as published in 1912. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
Young persons (say from eight to twenty years of age) require a larger quantity of all kinds of food, in proportion to their size, than full-grown persons. The exercise natural to the young uses up much of the heat-giving foods, and increases the waste of the body ; the digestion of the young is generally active ; and, besides, fresh materials are in constant demand to pro- vide for the growth of the body. They should have meals of warm food (more easily digested than cold) at intervals of about four hours ; the chief meal — dinner — • should be in the middle of the day. Milk and eggs 1 Children should from the first be taught to chew their food well, not only to break down the fibre of meat, but to mix the soft starchy foods with saliva, especially in eating rice, sago, etc., puddings, and thus enable them to undergo the first important change in preparing them to become part of the human body. Children should not be encouraged to eat between meals as it spoils the appetite for regular food. If really hungry, a piece of dry bread only should be given, as this will satisfy a child’s hunger without tempting it to eat unduly at irregular hours. 16 MIDDLE CLASS COOKERY BOOK PAET 1 should still form a large part of the diet, also farina- ceous food, especially oatmeal porridge. Stimulants, such as tea and coffee, should, if taken, be weak ; coffee with two-thirds milk. Healthy adults should be able to take a free mixture of all wholesome foods, variously cooked, at intervals of about five hours. The circumstances of climate and employment must, however, be considered. The digestive powers of elderly people are weaker than in middle life, the food should, therefore, be nourishing and easy of digestion ; it should be taken warm and at shorter intervals than in middle life. As the system is apt to become lowered during the night, a light nourishing supper is advisable, and in cases of debility, also a little warm food during the night. II. Different Climates More exercise is usually taken in cold than in hot climates, and this causes a more rapid wearing out of the materials of the body. The increased rapidity of breathing, caused by exercise, promotes the mixture of the oxygen of the air with the minute particles of food in the blood, and so uses or burns up more of these, and causes demand for increased supplies of food. Animal food is stimulating and exciting ; it is therefore more suitable for cold and temperate climates than for hot. When a false appetite is created for it in hot climates by the use of condiments, it is apt to produce various disorders. Fat is not easily digested unless exercise is taken freely ; more oxygen must be mixed with it to produce heat, than is required for starches and sugars. There is more oxygen in the air in cold than in hot weather. It is in cold weather and climates, therefore, that fat can be most easily digested and turned into warmth. CHAP. Ill ADAPTATION OF FOOD 17 As cold contracts the pores of the skin, there is then much less escape of moisture than when the weather is warm. This moisture should be replaced by liquids, fruits, and vegetables, in order that the temperature of the body may be kept uniform. Of the heat-giving foods, starches and sugars are the most suitable for warm climates, as they are easily digested. III. Different Employments