From the results of Experiments 80 and 81 what would you say has caused the molds to grow ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the growth of molds upon foods in damp and dry places and in damp and dry weather ? How should bread be stored in dry weather? In damp weather ? Give the reason for storing Dried Bread Crumbs as directed on p. 72. Experiment 82 : Effect of Moisture and Darkness upon the Growth of Molds. — Repeat Experiment 81, except the method of covering. Cover with an earthen dish so that the light is excluded. Let it remain at room temperature for the same length of time as given in Experiment 81. Have molds grown ? How does the growth compare in quantity with that of Experiment 81 ? Experiment 83 : Effect of Moisture and Low Temperatures upon the Growth of Molds. — Repeat Experiment 81, but place the bread on the lower shelf of the refrigerator. After several days, examine. Have molds grown ? How do they compare in quantity with that of Exper- iment 81 ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the temperature at which food liable to mold should be kept ? Experiment 84 : Growth of Molds upon Cut Fruit. — Place pieces of apple, banana, lemon, or other fruits on separate saucers and cover each with a glass dish. Place some lemon or other fruit juice in a test tube and allow it to stand. After two days examine. Have molds grown on all the fruits ? Do you notice any difference in the quantity of the molds on the different fruits ? Have molds grown on the fruit juice ? Experiment 85 : Growth of Molds upon Whole Fruits. — Place whole fruits, such as apples and lemons, on saucers and cover with glass. After two days examine. Have molds grown upon the whole fruits ? If so, how do the molds compare in quantity to those grow- ing on cut fruit ? Account for this difference. Apply the results of Experiments 84 and 85 to the " keeping" of fresh fruits. Experiment 86 : Growth of Molds on Other Foods. — Place a piece of cheese and a piece of meat on separate saucers and cover each with a glass dish. After two days examine. Have molds grown upon these foods ? Account for the growth of molds upon these foods when no moisture was added to them. Devise a method for keeping cheese free from mold. Give the reasons for your method. 292 THE COOKING OF FOODS Experiment 87 : Growth of Mold upon Wood. — Soak a bit of wood in water for at least 15 minutes. Cover it with an earthen dish and let it stand at room temperature for several days. Examine. Have molds grown upon the wood ? What has caused the molds to grow upon the wood ? From this give directions for the care of the wooden part of the dasher of an ice cream freezer. Draw conclusions con- cerning the care of pastry and bread boards and butter paddles after scrubbing. Draw conclusions concerning the scrubbing, drying, and airing of wooden floors. Experiment 88 : Growth of Molds upon Cloth. — Sprinkle a bit of cloth with water. Cover with an earthen dish. Let stand a few days at room temperature. Examine. Have molds (mildew) grown upon the cloth ? What caused the molds to grow ? From this draw a con- clusion concerning the care of washed clothes, wet dishcloths, towels, and wash cloths. Experiment 89 : Contamination of Fresh Food by Means of Moldy Food. — Dip a piece of bread in water and place it on a saucer. With Q OD From Household Bacteriology by Buchanan. Fig. 75. — The four types of bacteria. A, cocci ; B, bacilli ; C, spirilla ; D, branched filamentous organism. a knitting needle, place bits of mold at several points on the surface of the bread. Cover with a glass dish. After several days examine. At what points on the bread have the molds started to grow ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the placing of moldy food with fresh food ? When fruit is falling to the ground, tell how an orchard should be cared for. Explain.

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From the results of Experiments 80 and 81 what would you say has caused the molds to grow ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the growth of molds upon foods in damp and dry places and in damp and dry weather ? How should bread be stored in dry weather? In damp weather ? Give the reason for storing Dried Bread Crumbs as directed on p. 72. Experiment 82 : Effect of Moisture and Darkness upon the Growth of Molds. — Repeat Experiment 81, except the method of covering. Cover with an earthen dish so that the light is excluded. Let it remain at room temperature for the same length of time as given in Experiment 81. Have molds grown ? How does the growth compare in quantity with that of Experiment 81 ? Experiment 83 : Effect of Moisture and Low Temperatures upon the Growth of Molds. — Repeat Experiment 81, but place the bread on the lower shelf of the refrigerator. After several days, examine. Have molds grown ? How do they compare in quantity with that of Experiment 81 ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the temperature at which food liable to mold should be kept ? Experiment 84 : Growth of Molds upon Cut Fruit. — Place pieces of apple, banana, lemon, or other fruits on separate saucers and cover each with a glass dish. Place some lemon or other fruit juice in a test tube and allow it to stand. After two days examine. Have molds grown on all the fruits ? Do you notice any difference in the quantity of the molds on the different fruits ? Have molds grown on the fruit juice ? Experiment 85 : Growth of Molds upon Whole Fruits. — Place whole fruits, such as apples and lemons, on saucers and cover with glass. After two days examine. Have molds grown upon the whole fruits ? If so, how do the molds compare in quantity to those growing on cut fruit ? Account for this difference. Apply the results of Experiments 84 and 85 to the " keeping" of fresh fruits. Experiment 86 : Growth of Molds on Other Foods. — Place a piece of cheese and a piece of meat on separate saucers and cover each with a glass dish. After two days examine. Have molds grown upon these foods ? Account for the growth of molds upon these foods when no moisture was added to them. Devise a method for keeping cheese free from mold. Give the reasons for your method. Experiment 87 : Growth of Mold upon Wood. — Soak a bit of wood in water for at least 15 minutes. Cover it with an earthen dish and let it stand at room temperature for several days. Examine. Have molds grown upon the wood ? What has caused the molds to grow upon the wood ? From this give directions for the care of the wooden part of the dasher of an ice cream freezer. Draw conclusions concerning the care of pastry and bread boards and butter paddles after scrubbing. Draw conclusions concerning the scrubbing, drying, and airing of wooden floors. Experiment 88 : Growth of Molds upon Cloth. — Sprinkle a bit of cloth with water. Cover with an earthen dish. Let stand a few days at room temperature. Examine. Have molds (mildew) grown upon the cloth ? What caused the molds to grow ? From this draw a conclusion concerning the care of washed clothes, wet dishcloths, towels, and wash cloths. Experiment 89 : Contamination of Fresh Food by Means of Moldy Food. — Dip a piece of bread in water and place it on a saucer. With Q OD From Household Bacteriology by Buchanan. Fig. 75. — The four types of bacteria. A, cocci ; B, bacilli ; C, spirilla ; D, branched filamentous organism. a knitting needle, place bits of mold at several points on the surface of the bread. Cover with a glass dish. After several days examine. At what points on the bread have the molds started to grow ? What conclusion can you draw from this concerning the placing of moldy food with fresh food ? When fruit is falling to the ground, tell how an orchard should be cared for. Explain.

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