A manual of home-making

For other temperatures there are no tests whicli are quite as ■ convenient or relialjle as for the ice point. The st^am point, 212^ F. or 100° C\, is used in the testing of thermometei-s in the laboratory, but the steam temperature depends on the liaru- metric reading, wliich varies with the weather, and with the altitude of the place whei*e the water is boiled. For places within 500 feet of sea level, the temperature shown by a ther- mometer immersed in a steam l>ath over briskly boiling water^ or in the water itself if the same is pure, should Ije between 210*" and 21 2"* F., or l>etween 09°, and lOO*" C. For higher alti- tudes the temperature will be lower, as may be seen from Table L The temperatures given in this table are averages only and variations of 1° F, or 0°.6. C. may take place from day to day because of changes in the barometric pressure. I 1 HOUSEHOLD MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR USE 135 If a tested rlinieal thermomcLer is at liand, it fairly acTurate test at aljout 100"^ F, may be niade. A thermoiiieter which is correct at the ice point and at about 100^ F. will probably be correct at other teniiJcraturoR. Clinical fhemiometers should }>e tested by a competent testing laboratory, such as that at the United States Bureau of Standards. TABLE I. — BoiuNo Foist or Water and Average Bahometer Readings foh Different Altitdbes AUitude Temperature of slmm C&rreckd baromeler A i^Tiige reudings De^eeit F. Degmca C, Ifichv^ MiUimetens 212.0 208,3 204.6 201.1 197.0 1 94.0 100.0 97.9 95.9 . 93.9 92.0 90 0 29.9 27.8 25.8 24.0 22.3 20 7 760 III 706 655 610 8000 feet 566 10.000 feet 526 'IWBT.E IL — I'sKPrL rUMPEHATLTUEH Mercury freezes Freesdag cold stomge Water freezes Danger of frost . . Household refrigerator^ proper temperature . , . _ Churning Gymmksium, or rooms whore a<reiipuiiLs iire adivr^h' engaged in physical work or exerci^p I Ripening of crenin ... Rooms where occupants are not exercising Normal temperature of the human body determined by thermoifiettr under the toni?uo, . , . Incubator tenjp<*rature . , Degrees Centin ^rode —m —IS 0 0 + 1 7 m n 17 13 18 21 20 21 37 39 Degrees Fahren^ heil -38 0 +32 32 39 45 55 52 62 55 65 70 68 ; 70 08.6 103 136 A MANUAL OF HOME-MAKING TABLE U.—CofUinueft l^i^A ™ High ftrver, icitjperature njeasured as above , Paat^urizing milk .... ...__.._.,. Paaipurizing milk (flash process) . . , Water boils at normal pressure ...... Plain sugar siniija: For airupp 11 pounds to the gallon For fondant candies For fudge and other candii^ of like nat uro . For taffy and like hard candicH to l>e pulleti For clear brittle randies, peanut brittle, etc For almond and walnut brittle. . . Melting pciint of (*oinrnfm soft solder Oven temperatures for baking: Custards, meringues^ pies, puddings, etc. Sponge cake, bread, gingerbread, plain cake, and cookies , Parker House rolls, popovcrs, and biscuits Biscuit and pastry . . Melting point of lead Melting jioint of aluminum Degrees Degrees * Cenii' Fahretp- grade heii U) 0 105 m 145 71 IGO IfM) 212 l(M 219 j n:i 230 240 115 240 149 300 Ifj4 310 157 315 185 305 121 250 177 350 177 a,v» mi 400 204 400 232 45(J 232 450 2K7 550 .'i27 021 m t>5f) 121S 1 TABLE III.— A Tadlk of Tempkraturks • ProeeiiH