FoodNet

A manual of home-making

1919

Page 263

Presented as published in 1919. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
by fi^ah air and mild exercise; (2} to plan a diet whidi is ^aOy dig^bed and which mil maet the incF^^ed food Deeds at tbe aame time; and (3) to build the body by rest. laber^ use of mflkr q^f cream, butter, green vegetables, fruits, and whole cereal grairiB is desirable, Fat^ are especially needed, since tlicy have a high fuel value for a limited bulk* Cream* butter^ whole-milk rhce^, vegetable oil^^ cod-liver oil, bacon, and meat- fatH uf various kinds are usefiiL The real problem is to provide a templing, well-balanced, high calorie, easily digested diet. CHAPTER XX BEVEMAGES By Frances Vinton Ward n the cream ■ Coffee and tea have no nutritive value a^side from and sugar that may he served in them as beverages. Cocoa and chocolate contain starch and fat and conseciuently am real foods; moreover, they are generally made with milk, which gives them added nutritive value. COFFEE The standard kinds of coffee hiclude Mocha, Java, Mara- caibo, Santos, Rio, and Bogota. Adulteration. Adulterants are seldom found in coffee that is unbound, or in the whole berry. Ground coffee is soraetimes athdtcrated with cereal or chicory root. A mild coffee is improved by the addi- tion of tlric^l chicory root, roaisted. Unadulterated ground coffee should be free from dust and chaff. When a teaspoon of ground coffee is stirred into a half glass of cold water, there should be little discoloration of the water and few grains should sink to the bottom. Care, Coffee gives best results when bought in the whole grain and ground just before using. If bought ground, it must be kept in an air-tight container which is never leFt with the cover off. To freshen a stale or weak coffee, the grounds shouki he stirred in a hot frying pan until they are well dried but not scorched. Compo»ition. The substances found in coffee include: caffein, a mild stimu- lant; volatile oils, which give flavor and odor; coloring matter, 465 I 466 .4 MANUAL OF HOaME-MAKING developed in roasting; and tannin, present only in very small quantities, except in the chaff. I}evehpfn4*Tii of Jhwors. Bitif^rnesH is brought out by boilinp:. It is also dependent on the prop4jrtion of cofftt* uhccI. The roast eel flavor is brought out iiy frash roajstiiiR aiui quick making. The an>ina from the volatile oils is brought out by islow heating without boiling or the escape of steam. Directions for making. Weak, inpdium, or s-^trong coffee may be made according t^ the following pro{)ortions: Weak ct>fft*e: 1 Ivvv] tablespoon of ground coffoo to 1 meMiiring-rup of water (H pint). Medium coflfee: 1 rounding or 2 level tablespoons of grounil ooHee to 1 mcnsuring-cup of water, Htrong cofFw: 3 level tablespoons of grounci coffee to 1 nie!isuriiig<<u|> of water. Some of the more common methods of making coffee are &s follows: 1. Oild-water process. Use coffee ground medium fine. Pour the cold w^attT over the coffee^ oover it carefully, and pluff the spout. Hent tW coffee very slowly to the boiliuR |Kiiut, and Ixnl it gently for not more ihsm 3 minutes. Settle it by jiouring in a little cold water slowly. Si*t the p«>t In a warm place for 8 minut-evi to allnw the gr^Tunds to settle and the flavor to ripen. Serve the coffee without further delay. 2. Hot- water process. Use coffee ground medium fine. Pour boiliiig water over the coffee and proceed as in the cfild water process.