FoodNet

A manual of home-making

1919

Page 232

Presented as published in 1919. Historical recipes may not meet modern food-safety standards. Cook from the modern interpretation, not the original instructions.
grain; foods containing neecle<] salt^, acids or flavors, as (jvitn and vegetables; CockKh contairiinK two unknown fju'tors^ whiiTh have l>een <*ulled vitmuiijes tuul grimtli-finnnuliNg factors, l>oth of which are nccesHiiry for hettllh and for growth, Gfowih-pronioiing factors The first unknown factor, or \itaniine, essential for growfl and health, often called the fat-soluble growth-promoting sul>- stancei is found, in amounts sufficient for human needs, dis- solved in the fat of certain foods such oh milk, flutter, cream, eggs, meat (if enough of it is eaten), cod-liver oil, 8oyt>eans, The following foods contain this unknown substance, or vitamine, in amounts which will help; they are too bulky to be used a^ it^ main source by the human being, but as a class they are the main source of this important substance in tlie diet of mont of the flomestic animals: leaves and stems of plants, such as spin- ach, Swiss chard, dandelion greens, calilmge, onion, celery. The second unknown factor, or vitamine, e.ssential for health and growth is soluble irj water and is found in amountj^ suJficient for human needs in milk, eggs, breakfast foods and breads made from the whole cereal grain, pea^s, Ix^ans, und lentils. In fact, this sufjstance is fourul in practically all naturally occurring foods. It is often called the water-i^loble growth-promoting substance. HOW TO ESTIMATE THE DAILY NEED OF FUEL It is not possible in any simple way to estimate the tlaily fuel need with entire accuracy. The approximate fuel need may be easily estimated, however, T«> do tliis, it Is necessary' to have some understanding of the unit w^iicli mea.sures the energy value of foods. Many miits of measure ate familiar to the average person: the ounce and pound a^ units of weight, th« pint and quart as units of volume, the inch and foot and yard as units of distance, the degree as a unit of temperature. Tbe^e units are used again and again until the mind rememlx^rs the approximate amount^?! they measure. The same must be true of the unit of measure for the fuel value of foo<ls. It is a ba^is PLANNING THE DAILY MEALS 413 by whicli one may compare oiu* food with another and with which one may measure the inilividual fuel needs. The imit of measure for the fuel vahje of fowls is the calorie. If a given portion of fcxxl hjLs a fuel vahie of 1(K) ealories and in a day 2,tX)0 calories are needrNl, one immeriiately begins to ap- praise the fuel value of that food. For all praetieal purposes the following tal)les are very serviceable in giving an approximate estimate of daily fuel needs. The average adult person sfx^nds a!x)ut the following amounts of energy under stated conditions: Aslee;! . J 2 falorio an hour for each , pound of horjy woiRhl Sitting (reacUtig, sewing, kuitllug) , , 3/5 cnloric an hour fur each pound of tiody woight Standing. % calorir* an hour for each jwund of Ijody weight Light exercise (dish-wasliiii^, cooking for small family, !>i'<l-making, sewing t>3' foot power, walking at moderate pace on level roacl) ..*..,..... 1 calorie im hour for each pound of body weight Moderate exerciH© (cooking for large family, sweeping, ironing^ scnibbing by hand, work of earpentiTH, meat riirverM, house workers) _ . n<4 to 1 '2 calories an hour for