A manual of home-making

Gaiaka is a heavy firm satix^n weave witli demgn printed on one Hide. It id a'^xl for children's clothes^ outing suita, and the like, when a cloth of stren^h and durability is desired. Cotton daTmiifh has very much the same appearance i\a Unen datna^k Ix^fore it i» waahod. This exeelieiit finish ih broyRht about both by iner- cerijiatjon and cloth finisJi. However, one who buys cotton damask dc^ feats his own purpose in getting n nmt^Tial that will lake a gcMxl polijsh and rc't4iin its amootfiness, fnjm the very fact that the cotton fiber is short and the ends of the (ilx^r^ earmot l»e held m place as ean the fewer enda of the hnen iiberH. Thert^fore, after a few washings the ctJtton damafik has a fii22y surface, it refuses to take or hold a polish, and it h very lijup and easily soiled. Cotton damask is uaed for tiibleclottis and doilies. Velveteen is a material woven in imitation of velvet, but it ia wholly of cotton. It is uschI for tln^^ssos mid 6Uit«. Other cotton materials are: I For dreMCA Far househtM purpatteM AlWtniKs Lawn Awning Bi^ft^rd cord Linon Chinu 1 Biii'krain Mull (^ash J Canvas Mu>ilin Cretonne ^H Chrese^loih Organdie^ L>enim ^H Cl^fK* Peri^ale Diapf^r ^H Crinohne Perealino Mummy ^H Dimity Pic,u«:* Hep H Drdl Poplin 8erim ^H Duck Batoea ■ Gauze Silesia ■ Khaki Tarlatan ■ LINEN I^inen was formerly the most important vegetable fiber, and was cotiiiiionly u^^^ed for all housohold purposes. Of late years it has l>een largely replaced hy cotton, with which it may be compared, although there are still uses for which linen is demandtni, and ot Iters for which linen is prefernNJ to cotton* The linen fiber is lotig, srntx>tb, and quitf lustrous {Fig. 58) when spun into a thread. It is very strong arnl there are not so j many fuzzy ends as are found in cotton, (loth made from it is not only lustrouii and rieh-looking, but lx3cause of it« smooth- TEXTILES nesB stiays clean longer than cotton. The snowy whiteness of linen, obt/uned wth some difficdty in bleacliing, is quite per- manent, mid since the fiber takes dyes with difficulty and parts wHth them quite readily, it also does not retain stains as per- sistently as does cotton.* A dutteralion. Linen is much more expensive than cotton, and when linen prices are paid, linen should be receivetl. Since the two fibers are rather hard to distinguish, espe- cially when heavily starched and given a good finish, it is easy to deceive the buyer. ' * Linen ' * collars are frequently largely cotton, '' linen" handkerchiefs may not have a thread of linen, as is apt to !w the ease with rather inex- pensive embroidered handkerchiefs, and table "linen'' may be mercerized cotton, cotton and linen, or even or- dinary cotton. To distinguish hnen from cotton^ the threads should be ex- aniined carefully; cotton is made up of short fibers which project from the surface of the thread, and become fuzz^" when the thread is rubbed l>etween the fingers; when broken, cotton has a tufted end, white the linen fibers break more unevenlj' and Iea\'e a more pointed end* The linen thread should be stronger than the cotton; it has more luster, and is usually more uneven. Some kinds of linen have flat threads, but cotton is frequently finished in imitation of flat-thread hnen.f Cofor,