A manual of home-making

To insure good sanitary^ conditions, the hning must be of such material that the daily cleaning wilJ lye ea^sy^ and there must be fl as few seams a« possible to harljor germs. The material may ™ be galvanized iron, enamt^h or porcelain. There is little differ- ence in cost between galvanized iron and enamel; the enamet is somewhat easier to clean that the galvanizeii iron and wifch proper care we^ra verj" 8atisfactorily. Porcelain is perhaps in many w^ays the most desirable but it is also the most expensive. The drainpipe anil shelves should be easily removable in order that the}' may be cleaned frequently. To make the best use of a refrigerator,* such foods as milk and meat should be placed where they will be kept coldest; generally near the phice the air leaves the iee-eharaber, or directly under the ice. The doors shoulil l)e opened seldom and for as short, a time as possible. The ice should not be coveretl to prevent ita melting, since only by melting can it keep food cool. Icdess refrigerator. An iccless rcfngerator depends for its eflRcienry on the cooling effect of evaporating water. An ofien framework of shelves is surrounded by a cloth kept moist by means of a large pan of water on the top. A good ciuTent of air to evaporate the waiter is essential. The refrigerator will work wherever the cloth will dry readily^ but it must Ix^ kept in a shady place since a low temperature is the main object. A temperature of about 55° F. can be maintaiiiefl. Directions for making an icelet^ refrigerator are as follows (Fi^. 50, 51): Make a strong set of shelvea open on four sides with a solid top and bottom. Raise tt on short legs. Screen this on three sides, and fit a ♦ U. S. Bur. Standards, Circ. 65. I I I I I 222 A MANUAL OF HOME-MAKING screen docir to the fourth side. The efficiency will l3<? laEreater if the ghelvii and the bottom are made of reinforced screening to allow freer circulation of air. Cover the four sidea entirely with cnnton flannel, smooth side out, but- toning it closely t^j the fraine. This may Ik- done easily by aewinf^ buttons on tape and tacking thin tn|>e firmly around the npiJer edge of the ease on three sides, also down each side of the framework next the d»xjr and cm the upper and outer edges of t!»e door. Allow a flap of flannel to extend past FlQ. 50. — An icelcss rofrigcrator, the outer edge of the itoor to l>e buttone<l over on the framework. It will be neeessary to unbutton and button this flap when opening the case. Make buttonholes in the flanne! covering etjr responding to the buU-ona on the ease, Around the Inp of the eovering aew four flaps of canton flannel a httle narrower than eu( h nide of tbe ra,sc antl large criougli to exl(*nd up over the top and dip int4> the pnn <jf wat^T. These* wdl serve m wiekf* to keep the entire surfart* of tlie flatmel moist. If tfa* refrigerator Lh to lio set on the porch, a pan must l>e [jlac^isJ imderneath the rofrigemtiir to cateh the water that drijjs down. An extra flannel eovering ghould tie made for the case so that one may Ije washed each week. METHODS OF KEEPING FOODS COOL 223 It is desirable, but not essential, to paint the case with enamel paint. A non-rusting wire must be used for the screening. The following dimensions are suggested, and the amount of material required is indicated. Height: 4 feet, 8 inches.