A manual of home-making

Under the old plan the house contained two cellars, one under the square upright and one under the kitchen, with an unexcavated area under the dining-room. A long journey was thereby involved in going from one excavated part to the other. The new plan simplified this difficulty by excavating under the dining-room wing. A study of new types. Attention must now be focused on more economical arrange- ments. The plan of any l)uilding is l>ased primarily on its needs* Broadly speaking, family life makes three demands on a house plan: that it shall provide living area, working area, and sleeping area. The living area includes such parts as sitting-room, dining-room, lil)rary, office, and porch; the work- ing area includes kitchen, pantr>% laundrjr, hall^ and stairs; the sleeping area includes bedrooms and l>ath* It is tlie func- tion of a good plan to organize these three elements into a compact arrangement, allowing each requireuient an area to itself. Spaciousness must l>e expressed in the living area, com- pactness in the working area, and privacy in the sleeping area. The farm cottage show^n in Figs. 6 and 7 aptly illustrates these principles. Here is a compact plan with its three areas clearly defined. In the living area a feeling of spaciousness is obtained by the use of wide doorways and groups of w^indows through which vistas are seen indoors and out. No interior, however small in actual dimensions, need appear cramped if long vistas are planned for. Good interior design is also MANUAL OF HOME-MAKfXO evident in Fig. 0. It is irrdicatetl [)y the hiiliiiiccd arraiigemi of the structural |iar<s of each rof>in. On the rear wall of t iivinj^-rooni is seen a cenlnd liropiacc liaiiked hy broad do< ways of equal width, while the front wall opposite e^xpaq into a generous bay window centrally placed, with biiilt^ Fio. 6. — Fimt floor plan, showing living ar»_*ii an J working area. bookshelves to right and left* These features so unite as make of the living-room a composition at once so dignifii so orderly, and so effective that little furnitui-e is needed J complete it. In the dining-room, balanced design is expresa by the long flower-box, the bay window^ and l:>y the central do on the opposite wall, flanked by diagonal comer features 13 f equal width. In Kenenili tiiagonal corners should be avoided ' mvpt where the3' ^^e a practical necessity or where they are deliberately used for reasons of design, as in Fig, 8. Of the working area (Fig. 6), the kitchen, pantry, and stairs Flo. 7* — Second floor plan, showiag sleeping area. ie parts most conHtantty usefl by the woman of the house. Hence they are compactly |2jonptxt antl are plaeed next to the IKing spaee. Wood room and washroom are of intemiitlent use to the housewife but of constant use to the farmer. Conse- quently they are placed away from the living rooms in the direction of driveway and bams. Fio. 8* — A farmhouse plan, shomng diiiKonal coniera used delib purpose *if dcstfcn. The sleeping area provides one bathroom and three I rooms, each of the latter with its closet. Their position the second floor renders tlicm tiiiict and private. Briefly stated^ economy of plan is expressed in the grou Fio. 9. — Plan showing simplu'ity of living area and com* pk'teness of workitig aroti,